تأثیر رانت منابع طبیعی بر کیفیت محیط زیست (مطالعه موردی: منتخبی از کشورهای منا)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان، کرمان، ایران

چکیده

امروزه تخریب محیط زیست یکی از مهم‏ ترین مسائلی است که کشورهای مختلف با آن روبرو هستند. شناسایی عوامل تأثیرگذار بر کیفیت محیط زیست می‏ تواند راهگشای سیاست‏گذاران و برنامه‏ ریزان در راستای حفاظت از آن باشد. لذا، در این مطالعه به بررسی تأثیر متغیرهای مختلف بر کیفیت محیط زیست با تأکید بر رانت منابع طبیعی در منتخبی از کشورهای منا (خاورمیانه و شمال آفریقا) طی سال‌های 2018- 1994 پرداخته شده است. بدین منظور از رهیافت داده‌های تابلویی استفاده شد. نتایج نشان داد که رانت منابع طبیعی، سرمایه انسانی، مصرف انرژی، شاخص دموکراسی، شهرنشینی و رشد اقتصادی تأثیر مثبت و معنی‏ داری بر ردپای اکولوژیکی به ‏عنوان معیاری برای تخریب‌ محیط زیست دارند و نابرابری درآمد تأثیر منفی و معنی‏ داری بر ردپای اکولوژیکی دارد. لذا، برنامه‏ ریزان و سیاست‏گذران باید تعادلی بین عرضه و تقاضای منابع طبیعی برقرار کنند و بخشی از درآمدهای حاصل از آن‏ها را به سرمایه‏ گذاری در تکنولوژی‏های مناسب و سازگار با محیط زیست اختصاص دهند. برگزاری دوره‏ های آموزشی در زمینه حفاظت محیط زیست و کاهش مصرف منابع کمیاب حائز اهمیت است و سرمایه انسانی باید برای اکتشاف سبز، تولید سبز و مصرف سبز آموزش ببیند. همچنین بایستی سیاست‏گذاری‏ها در راستای صرفه‏ جویی در مصرف انرژی، بالابردن بهره‏ وری آن و توسعه استفاده از منابع انرژی تجدیدپذیر باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

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