شناسایی و ارزیابی کاربری اراضی موثر برآلودگی بیولوژیکی رواناب شهری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه مهندسی عمران، دانشکده فنی مهندسی، دانشگاه بجنورد، بجنورد، ایران

2 گروه مهندسی آب، دانشکده فنی مهندسی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد تهران شمال،تهران، ایران

3 گروه زمین شناسی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد تهران شمال ، تهران، ایران

چکیده

این تحقیق با بررسی تأثیر کاربری اراضی شهری بر میزان آلودگی زیستی رواناب شهری، امکان استفاده مجدد از آن و یافتن میزان آلودگی در کیفیت رواناب شهری منطقه 6 تهران انجام شد. برای انجام این پژوهش ابتدا زیرحوضه های شهری با کاربری های غالب متفاوت در منطقه ای با شرایط تغییر دمای یکسان در منطقه 6 تهران تعیین و توزیع کاربری اراضی. هر زیرحوضه مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفت. سپس نقاط نمونه برداری در موقعیت های خروجی رواناب ناشی از بارندگی در زیرحوضه های تعریف شده و نمونه برداری لحظه ای رواناب خروجی حوضه شهری پس از بارندگی در فصل بهار و اندازه گیری های میدانی و آزمایشگاهی پارامترها و متغیرهای کیفی. (شیمیایی و بیولوژیکی) و کمی (سرعت جریان و عمق جریان) انجام شد. برای شناسایی رابطه بین کاربری اراضی و نتایج اندازه‌گیری‌های آزمایشگاهی از روش‌های آماری پیرسون و تحلیل واریانس یک‌طرفه استفاده شد. نتایج حاکی از تأثیر کاربری اراضی سبز، مسکونی و اداری در افزایش میزان کلیفرم کل به عنوان شاخص آلودگی میکروبی رواناب شهری بود. بیشترین میزان کلیفرم در کاربری فضای سبز 14 MPM بود که به دلیل استفاده از کودهای شیمیایی است. همچنین EC با مقدار 889 us و TDS با مقدار 640 میلی‌گرم در لیتر در کاربری فضای سبز بیشتر از سایر کاربری‌ها بود که می‌توان آن را به شستشوی خاک توسط رواناب نسبت داد. بر اساس نتایج تحلیلی، متغیرهای مؤثر بر تعداد آلاینده‌های میکروبی شناسایی و روابط برآورد و پیش‌بینی مقدار آن بر اساس متغیرهای مؤثر در قالب معادلات برآورد کلیفرم کل معرفی شد

کلیدواژه‌ها

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