ارزیابی ریسک سلامت مواجهه با گردوغبار داخلی آلوده به هیدروکربن‌های آروماتیک چندحلقه‌ای (PAHs)، مورد مطالعه: اماکن اداری ‌کلانشهر اصفهان، ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه علوم و مهندسی محیط‌زیست، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع‌طبیعی، واحد اصفهان (خوراسگان)، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اصفهان، ایران

2 گروه علوم و مهندسی محیط‌زیست، دانشکده علوم پایه، واحد همدان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، همدان، ایران

3 گروه علوم و مهندسی محیط‌زیست، مرکز تحقیقات ‌پسماند و پساب، واحد اصفهان (خوراسگان)، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اصفهان، ایران

چکیده

این مطالعه با هدف تعیین محتوی و ارز‌یابی مخاطره سلامت ترکیبات PAH به‌عنوان ترکیباتی ناهنجاری‌زا، جهش‌زا و سرطان‌زا در نمونه‌های گردوغبار داخلی تعدادی از ساختمان‌های اداری کلان‌شهر اصفهان در سال 1401 انجام شد. 84 نمونه گردوغبار از 28 مکان نمونه‌برداری جمع‌آوری شد. پس از استخراج آنالیت‌ها، نسبت به شناسایی و تعیین غلظت ایزومرهای PAH با استفاده از GC–MS اقدام شد. مقادیر شاخص خطر سرطان‌زایی مواجهه با گردوغبار آلوده نیز برای کودکان و بزرگسالان محاسبه شدند. نتایج بیان‌گر شناسایی 16 ایزومر دارای اولویت در نمونه‌ها با میانگین مجموع مقادیر برابر با 9838 میکروگرم در کیلوگرم بود. میانگین مقادیر فاکتور سرطان‌زایی مواجهه با گردوغبار آلوده به PAHs از طریق بلع، تنفس و تماس پوستی برای کودکان با 2-10 ⨯ 4.72، 13-10 ⨯ 6.96 و 2-10 ⨯ 5.89 و برای بزرگسالان نیز با 2-10 ⨯ 3.37، 12-10 ⨯ 2.62 و 2-10 ⨯ 5.99 برای هر دو گروه به‌ترتیب نشان‌دهنده "خطر سرطان‌زایی زیاد"، "خطر سرطان‌زایی ناچیز" و "خطر سرطان‌زایی زیاد" بود. همچنین، میانگین مقادیر شاخص توان سرطان‌زایی برای کودکان و بزرگسالان به‌ترتیب برابر با 1-10 ⨯ 1.06 و 2-10 ⨯ 9.36 بود. این در حالی است که میانگین مقادیر شاخص BaPeq با 705، نشان‌دهنده "خطر سرطان‌زایی فراتر از حد ایمن" بود. با توجه به این‌که قرار گرفتن در معرض ترکیبات PAH مخاطرات جدی بر سلامت زیستمندان برجای خواهد گذارد، نسبت به ردیابی، تعیین محتوی، منشاء‌یابی و پایش دوره‌ای این آلاینده‌ها در ماتریس‌های مختلف محیط‌زیستی و برنامه‌ریزی برای مدیریت منابع تولید و انتشار آن‌ها با هدف حفظ سلامت محیط و شهروندان توصیه می‌شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

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