طراحی زیست محیطی سازه های پیش ساخته اضطراری با رویکرد کاهش مصرف انرژی و آلودگی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشکده معماری و شهرسازی، دانشگاه هنر اسلامی تبریز، تبریز، ایران

2 دانشکده معماری و شهرسازی، دانشگاه هنر، تهران، ایران

چکیده

پس از بلایای طبیعی یکی از مشکلاتی که همواره سازمان های مدیریت بحران با آن مواجه هستند، فراهم نمودن مکان های اسکان موقت است. برای این امر معمولا از سازه های پیش ساخته استفاده می شود. اکثر سازه های پیش ساخته فرم های مکعب مستطیلی دارند. از جمله مشکلات این فرم نیاز به تعدد ماشین‌های سنگین برای حمل و نقل است که منجر به افزایش مصرف سوخت های فسیلی و آلودگی هوا می شود. در این تحقیق برای کاهش حمل و نقل، تقسیم کل سازه به اجزای کوچکتر درنظر گرفته شد. علاوه بر آن طراحی دیتیل‌های ریلی شکل برای حرکت کردن و دیتیل پین مانند بزرگ برای باز و بسته شدن سازه، نیاز به نیروی کار متخصص را کاهش می‌دهد. جهت مدل سازی این طرح از نرم افزار Rhinoceros 3D استفاده شده و برای ایجاد دوران ها افزونه‌ی Grasshopper به کار رفته است. همچنین برای بدست آوردن زاویه بهینه برای بسته بندی سازه مورد نظر از مقایسه ی دو الگوریتم بهینه یابی Genetic و مدل Surrogate استفاده شد. مدل شبه نیم کره طراحی شده در این تحقیق می تواند بیش از %50 میزان سوخت مصرفی در اثر کاهش حمل و نقل را بهینه سازد و همچنین امدادرسانی سریعتر انجام شود.

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