مطالعه ارتباط کالبد محیط زیست شهری و اجتماع‌پذیری مورد پژوهشی: میدان هفت‌تیر

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

گروه طراحی محیط‌زیست، دانشکده محیط‌زیست، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

چکیده

امروزه، پویایی و تحرک فضاهای شهری رنگ باخته و شهر به کالبدی بی‌جان و غیر قابل تعامل تبدیل شده است. از این‌رو طراحان، طرح‌های متعددی برای ایجاد پویایی در فضاهای شهری ارائه نموده‌اند که عاری از چالش‌ نبوده است. در میان اندام‌های شهری، میدان‌ یکی از آماده‌ترین بسترها برای مطالعه و بررسی سطح پویایی شهر به حساب می‌آید که با ایجاد و تداوم پیوند انسان با محیط، سهم به‌سزایی در شکل‌گیری فرایندهای اجتماعی دارند. این پژوهش با هدف شناسایی نقش پیکره‌بندی فضایی شهری در سطح اجتماع‌پذیری و انسجام اجتماعی بافت شهری شکل گرفت و به دنبال پاسخ به این سؤال بود که آیا کالبد بر اجتماع‌پذیری فضای شهری و به تبع آن افزایش سطح تعاملات شهروندان و پویایی فضا تأثیرگذار است؟ به‌واسطه‌ نقش متمایز میدان در امکان ایجاد و افزایش تعاملات اجتماعی، به‌عنوان یکی از پویاترین فضاهای شهری، این پژوهش به طور خاص برای نمونه موردی به میدان هفت‌تیر متمرکز است و به کمک ابزارهای تحلیلی مبتنی بر منطق نحوفضا، به مقایسه‌ ویژگی‌های پیکره‌بندی میان دو گونه طراحی کالبدی و سطح اجتماع‌پذیری آن‌ها پرداخت. تحلیل‌ها نشان داد که ایجاد تغییرات اندک در راستای تقویت پیاده‌مداری فضاهای شهری، تکنیکی مؤثر در بهینه‌سازی سازمان فضایی میدان از منظر تقویت سطح اجتماع‌پذیری فضای شهری است. نتایج مقایسه وضعیت فعلی و طرح پیشنهادی برای میدان هفت‌تیر مشخص ساخت که فضاهایی با امکان دسترسی بالا، افزایش شاخص همبستگی محلی را در پی داشته که مؤثرترین مؤلفه در فراهم‎سازی زمینه مناسب تعاملات اجتماعی در محیط‌زیست شهری است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

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