ارزیابی ریسک مواد نفتی از بالادست سد دز در آب زیرزمینی تا مخزن سد دز با استفاده از توسعه روش EPA

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری گروه تخصصی علوم محیط زیست-آمایش سرزمین، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و محیط زیست، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات،

2 گروه مهندسی محیط زیست، دانشکده محیط زیست، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

3 گروه تخصصی علوم محیط زیست و جنگل، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و محیط‌زیست و رییس مرکز تحقیقات زمین شناسی پزشکی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد

4 گروه مهندسی بهداشت محیط، دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تهران، تهران، ایران

5 کمیته تحقیقات، سازمان آب و برق خوزستان، اهواز، ایران

چکیده

این پژوهش به‌منظور بررسی کیفیت آب زیرزمینی و آب دریاچه سد دز باتوجه به وجود دو میدان نفتی قلعه نار و بالارود در بالادست سد دز و شیب متمایل آنها به سمت دریاچه سد دز، احتمال انتشار آلاینده های نفتی از طریق آب زیرزمینی به سد دز و نیز ارزیابی ریسک و توسعه روش ارزیابی ریسک با استفاده از روش EPA انجام شده است. نمونه‌های جمع آوری شده از آب‌های زیرزمینی و مخزن سد دز توسط دستگاه کروماتوگراف-گازی برای تعیین میزان هیدروکربن‌های نفتی کل تجزیه و تحلیل شدند. معادله جدید ارزیابی ریسک بهداشتی (HRA) با درنظر گرفتن فاکتور اهمیت تدوین و ریسک احتمالی سلامتی انسان مطابق استاندارد EPA و روش جدید برای ریسک سرطانزایی و غیرسرطانزایی محاسبه گردید. نتایج دو روش نشان داد که ریسک سرطانزایی در نمونه ها وجود ندارد ولی دارای ریسک غیرسرطانزایی می باشند و هیدروکربن C10 و C22 از آب زیرزمینی وارد مخزن سد دز شده‌اند و C10 در روش EPA با میزان 1.94 و در روش جدید (HRA) 1.13 دارای بیشترین احتمال ریسک غیرسرطانزایی است. نتایج بدست آمده از معادله EPA و فرمول جدید HRA نشان داد که هیدروکربن‌های نفتی کل وارد آب‌های زیرزمینی و دریاچه سد شده و دارای احتمال ریسک غیرسرطانزایی بالا می‌باشند.

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