بابایی فروشانی، زهرا و چنگلوایی، یونس (1399). تأثیر الگوهای مرفولوژی شهری سنتی و نوین بر جریان باد و اثرات متقابل آن با رویکرد انرژی کارا (نمونه مورد مطالعه: شهراصفهان). فصلنامه مطالعات شهری، 10(37)، 127-142.
ASHRAE. (2013). ASHRAE Standard 55: Thermal Environmental Conditions for Human Occupancy. Atlanta, GA: ASHRAE.
Ayman El Deeb, D., Nagy Sarhan, A., & Sobhy Kandile, Y. (2021). The Use of Green Design Strategies for Achieving Thermal Comfort (Applying PMV as a Measurement Tool).
Engineering Research Journal,
171, 35-46. https://doi.org/
10.21608/erj.2021.193471
Babaei Frooshani, Z., & Changalvaiee, Y. (2021). The Effect of Traditional and Modern Urban Morphology Patterns on Wind Flow and its Interactions with the Energy Efficiency Approach (Case Study: Esfahan). Motaleate Shahri, 10(37), 127-142. [In Persian]
Bacha, A. E., Ahriz, A., Alshenaifi, M., Alfraidi, S., Noaime, E., Alsolami, B., ... & Mesloub, A. (2024). A comprehensive study on outdoor thermal comfort in arid urban environments through microclimatic analysis of urban density.
Buildings,
14(3), 700.
https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings14030700
Caniggia, G., & Maffei, G. L. (2001). Architectural composition and building typology: interpreting basic building (Vol. 176). Alinea Editrice.
Chatzidimitriou, A., & Yannas, S. (2017). Street canyon design and improvement potential for urban open spaces; the influence of canyon aspect ratio and orientation on microclimate and outdoor comfort.
Sustainable cities and society,
33, 85-101.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2017.05.019
Conzen, M. R. G. (1960). Alnwick, Northumberland: A study in town-plan analysis. Transactions and Papers, 1-122.
Dissanayake, C., Weerasinghe, U. G. D., & Dharmasena, J. (2021). Assessment of thermal comfort and microclimate in urban street canyons–a review of recent research. In Official Conference Proceedings. The IAFOR International Conference on Sustainability, Energy & the Environment–Hawaii (pp. 63-76).
Diz-Mellado, E., López-Cabeza, V. P., Rivera-Gómez, C., & Galán-Marín, C. (2023). Seasonal analysis of thermal comfort in Mediterranean social courtyards: A comparative study.
Journal of Building Engineering,
78, 107756.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2023.107756
Fabbri, K., Di Nunzio, A., Gaspari, J., Antonini, E., & Boeri, A. (2017). Outdoor Comfort: The ENVI- BUG tool to evaluate PMV values Output Comfort point by point.
Energy Procedia,
111, 510-519.
https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.egypro.2017.03.213
Fanger, P. O. (1970). Thermal comfort. Analysis and applications in environmental engineering.
Farhadi, H., Faizi, M., & Sanaieian, H. (2019). Mitigating the urban heat island in a residential area in Tehran: Investigating the role of vegetation, materials, and orientation of buildings.
Sustainable Cities and Society,
46, 101448.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2019.101448
Ghaffarianhoseini, A., Berardi, U., Ghaffarianhoseini, A., Al Waer, H., Clements-Croome, D., & Tookey, J. (2017). Urban heat island and microclimate mitigation strategies: A review.
Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 67, 793–807.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2016.09.060
He, B. J., Wang, J., Liu, H., & Ulpiani, G. (2021). Localized synergies between heat waves and urban heat islands: Implications on human thermal comfort and urban heat management.
Environmental Research,
193, 110584.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2020.110584
Heydari, T., Yeganeh, M., & Pourmahabadian, E. (2025). Evaluation of the role of green walls in enhancing outdoor thermal comfort in different morphologies of building blocks.
Frontiers in Sustainable Cities,
7, 1519375.
https://doi.org/10.3389/frsc.2025.1519375
Iso, E. (2005). 7730: 2005; Ergonomics of the Thermal Environment. Analytical determination and interpretation of thermal comfort using calculation of the PMV and PPD indices and local thermal comfort criteria.
Johansson, E. (2006). Influence of urban geometry on outdoor thermal comfort in a hot dry climate: A study in Fez, Morocco.
Building and environment, 41(10), 1326-1338. https://doi.org/
10.1016/j.buildenv.2005.05.022
Karimi, A., Bayat, A., Mohammadzadeh, N., Mohajerani, M., & Yeganeh, M. (2023). Microclimatic analysis of outdoor thermal comfort of high-rise buildings with different configurations in Tehran: Insights from field surveys and thermal comfort indices.
Building and Environment,
240, 110445.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2023.110445
Ketterer, C., & Matzarakis, A. (2014). Human-biometeorological assessment of heat stress reduction by replanning measures in Stuttgart, Germany. Landscape and Urban Planning, 122, 78-88.
Khalili, S., Fayaz, R., & Zolfaghari, S. A. (2022). Analyzing outdoor thermal comfort conditions in a university campus in hot-arid climate: A case study in Birjand, Iran.
Urban Climate,
43, 101128.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.uclim. 2022.101128
Li, Z., Zhou, L., Hong, X., & Qiu, S. (2024). Outdoor thermal comfort and activities in urban parks: An experiment study in humid subtropical climates.
Building and Environment,
253, 111361. https://doi.org/
10.1016/j.buildenv.2024.111361
Oke, T. R. (1987). Boundary layer climates.
Oke, T. R. (1988). Street design and urban canopy layer climate. Energy and Buildings, 11(1–3), 103–113. DOI:10.1016/0378-7788(88)90026-6
Olgyay, V. (1963). Design with climate--bioclimatic approach to architectural regionalism: some chapters based on cooperative research with Aladar Olgyay.
Ouyang, W., Sinsel, T., Simon, H., Morakinyo, T. E., Liu, H., & Ng, E. (2022). Evaluating the thermal- radiative performance of ENVI-met model for green infrastructure typologies: Experience from a subtropical climate.
Building and Environment,
207, 108427.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2021.108427
Sadeghi, A. R., & Bahadori, Y. (2021). Urban sustainability and climate issues: The effect of physical parameters of streetscape on the thermal comfort in urban public spaces; case study: Karimkhan-e-zand street, shiraz, iran.
Sustainability,
13(19), 10886.
https://doi.org/10.3390/su131910886
Samadpour Shahrak, M. (2025). Evaluating the impact of tree planting patterns on outdoor thermal comfort and microclimate: a case study of open spaces among high-rise buildings.
Agriculture, Environment & Society,
5(2), 51-62.
https://doi.org/10.22034/aes.2026.529003.1106
Sanagar Darbani, E., Monsefi Parapari, D., Boland, J., & Sharifi, E. (2021). Impacts of urban form and urban heat island on the outdoor thermal comfort: a pilot study on Mashhad.
International Journal of Biometeorology,
65(7), 1101-1117. https://doi.org/1
0.1007/s00484-021-02091-3
Shareef, S., & Altan, H. (2022).
Urban block configuration and the impact on energy consumption: A case study of sinuous morphology.
Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 163, 112411.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser. 2022.112411
Song, X., Wang, G., Deng, Q., Wang, S., & Jiao, C. (2023). The influence of residential block form on summer thermal comfort of street canyons in the warm temperate zone of China.
Buildings,
13(7), 1627.
https://doi.org/10.3390/ buildings13071627
Steemers, K., Baker, N., Crowther, D., Dubiel, J., Nikolopoulou, M. H., & Ratti, C. (1997). City texture and microclimate. Urban Design Studies, 3(1997), 25-50.
Sun, S., Xu, X., Lao, Z., Liu, W., Li, Z., García, E. H., ... & Zhu, J. (2017). Evaluating the impact of urban green space and landscape design parameters on thermal comfort in hot summer by numerical simulation.
Building and Environment,
123, 277-288.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2017.07.010
Taleghani, M., Kleerekoper, L., Tenpierik, M., & Van Den Dobbelsteen, A. (2015). Outdoor thermal comfort within five different urban forms in the Netherlands.
Building and environment,
83, 65-78.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv. 2014.03.014