Evaluation of Biocompatibility and Biodegradation of Three Different Oil Dispersants in Persian Gulf: Siri Island Water

Many methods have been used to remove oil spills from water and/or land. Such methods include physical removal of the petroleum from the water or land, chemical remediation of the spilled petroleum through the use of dispersants and so-called "sinking agents," and, in some cases, intentionally burning floating petroleum slicks. Chemical remediation through the use of liquid, oil dispersant agents is the most frequently employed clean-up method because such liquids can be readily applied to large oil spills and because this method is generally more cost-effective than physical remediation methods.However, not all surfactant compositions are effective in dispersing spilled oil products and many of the more effective ones have the drawbacks of being toxic and/or not biodegradable In this study we tested Biodegradation of oil and dispersants"pars 1, pars 2, Gamlen OD4000".These dispersants are in fact used for chemical remediation of spilled oil. Our objective is the selection of the most suitable dispersant for Siri Island that are more compatible with environment and be able to remediate by microorganisms live this place.In this study we chose 8 staions for sampling of water in Siri Island.Then microorganisms were isolated to test their ability for degradation of oil and dispersant. The ability of growth of microorganisms at the sides of wells containing oil or dispersant or mixture of them were identified by Well method.The microorganisms were then transferred to culture medium that containing oil and dispersant as the sole source of carbon and energy; This media was incubated at 120rpm and during 28 days. In this study we tested BOD5 and COD of oil , dispersant, and mixture of them in the presence of the total microorganisms that were isolated from the total sampling stations. Finally, our results showed that dispersant pars 1 & Pars 2 were the most degradable as compared with dispersant Gamlen.