محیط شناسی

محیط شناسی

اولویت بندی واحدهای همگن مناظر طبیعی به روش آنتروپی شانون-ویکور (مطالعه منطقه حفاظت شده البرز مرکزی تحت مدیریت استان البرز)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان
فرنوش عطار صحراگرد 1
افشین دانه کار 1
علی جهانی 2
1 گروه محیط زیست، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران.
2 پژوهشکده محیط زیست و توسعه پایدار، سازمان حفاظت محیط زیست، تهران، ایران.
10.22059/jes.2023.348672.1008359
چکیده
شناسایی واحدهای همگن، یکی از فرازهای مهم در برنامه‌ریزی و مدیریت سرزمین است. از این‌ رو در این پژوهش جهت تعیین واحدهای همگن منظر که پایه مطالعات ارزیابی و زیباشناسی مناظر را تشکیل می‌دهد؛ ابتدا از طریق مرور منابع، معیارها و شاخص‌های مورد استفاده تشخیص واحد همگن شناسایی شد. سپس بر این اساس و با توجه به مقیاس مطالعه و شرایط منطقه مورد مطالعه، شاخص‌های مورد استفاده برای تشخیص واحد همگن و نقشه‌سازی با هدف ارزیابی منظر انتخاب شد. پس از آن به تهیه نقشه هر یک از آن‌ها پرداخته شد و از طریق همپوشانی آن‌ها نقشه واحد همگن منظر تهیه شد. در نهایت اولویت‌بندی واحدهای همگن منظر براساس سه معیار فاصله تا شبکه دسترسی، فاصله تا سکونتگاه‌های روستایی و فاصله از محدوده‌های غیر قابل دسترسی به منظر با استفاده از روش آنتروپی شانون – ویکور صورت گرفت. شاخص‌های تشخیص واحد همگن شامل ارتفاع، شیب، منظر گیاهی، قابلیت دید روستا، قابلیت دید رودها اصلی و فصلی، ریختار زمین و خاک، تیپ و تراکم پوشش گیاهی بود. تلفیق مکانی نقشه شاخص‌ها منجر به شناسایی913 واحد همگن منظر در قالب 147 ترکیب مختلف شد. نتایج نشان داد 18 درصد مساحت منطقه، برای ارزیابی زیباشناختی با هدف گردشگری مناسب است. اولویت‌بندی با روش آنتروپی-ویکور نشان داد، حدود 10 درصد واحدهای همگن شناسایی شده بالاترین اولویت برای ارزیابی زیباشناختی با هدف گردشگری دارد. یافته‌های این پژوهش نشان داد، با کاربرد شاخص‌های مکانی مرتبط با ارزیابی منظر، می‌توان واحد ارزیابی مستقلی برای بررسی‌های منظرشناسی در برنامه‌ریزی سرزمین بویژه برای اهداف طبیعت گردی، شناسایی نمود.
کلیدواژه‌ها
سیمای سرزمین
ارزیابی منظر
زیباشناسی منظر طبیعی
آنتروپی-ویکور
منطقه حفاظت شده البرز مرکزی
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محیط شناسی
دوره 48، شماره 4
زمستان 1401
صفحه 555-575