دانشگاه تهران
Journal of Environmental Studies
1025-8620
2345-6922
38
1
2012
05
21
Using Indigenous Microorganisms to Reduce Petroleum Contamination in Tehran Oil Refinery Contaminated Soil
1
8
FA
Maryam
Farahani
گروه محیط زیست، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد رودهن ، دکتری محیط زیست
m_farahani_52@yahoo.com
Sayed Ahmad
Mirbagheri
استاد گروه عمران محیط زیست، دانشگاه صنعتی خواجه نصیر الدین طوسی
bagheri@kntu.ac.ir
10.22059/jes.2012.29006
Poly aromatic hydrocarbons are hydrophobic organic compound found as major contaminants in soil. Soil biological activities are vital for the restoration of soil contaminated with hydrocarbons. Successful application of bioremediation technology to contaminated soil requires knowledge of the characteristics of the site and the parameters that affect the microbial biodegradation of pollutants. This study was carried out to isolate high diversity of bacterial strain with the ability of degrading multiple Poly aromatic hydrocarbons and obtain the optimized conditions of biodegradation of these pollutants in laboratory. The diversity of indigenous bacteria in four soil contaminated samples from Tehran oil refinery able to degrade multiple Poly aromatic hydrocarbons were isolated and the physico-chemical conditions of Poly aromatic hydrocarbons biodegradation were optimized by using various concentration of the pollutants and changing pH, temperature and nutrients. The results showed that, the best conditions for efficient removal of Poly aromatic hydrocarbons are; pH 7.5, temperature 30 ?C, and ratio of C: N: P 100:5:1, 100:10:1, and 100:5:1 for NH4No3, (NH4)2So4, (NH2)2Co as source of N, respectively. Finally, we carried out three treatments with a control to compare natural attenuation, biostimulation and bioaugmentation for Poly aromatic hydrocarbons degradation in soil. After 4 weeks of incubation, bioaugmentation of the contaminated soil showed the highest percentage of biodegradation of total Poly aromatic hydrocarbons (70.5%). Based on the result of this study, it was concluded that, increasing in the incubation time increased the amount of the degradation of PAHs and microbial population. Bioremediation is an effective method of cleaning up petroleum hydrocarbons and similar studies should be carried out to isolate the native microorganisms in other oil refinery in natural conditions.
bioremediation,Contamination,Poly aromatic hydrocarbons,soil
https://jes.ut.ac.ir/article_29006.html
https://jes.ut.ac.ir/article_29006_9a321c8eebb384d7d0b31c8dad928fde.pdf
دانشگاه تهران
Journal of Environmental Studies
1025-8620
2345-6922
38
1
2012
05
21
Heavy Metals Pollution in Street Dusts of Tehran and Their Ecological Risk Assessment
9
18
FA
Mahdieh
Salmanzadeh
کارشناسی ارشد مهندسی محیط زیست، دانشکدة مهندسی عمران، دانشگاه علم و صنعت ایران
m_salmanzadeh@civileng.iust.ac.ir
Mohsen
Saeedi
دانشیار دانشکدة مهندسی عمران، دانشگاه علم و صنعت ایران
saeedi@iust.ac.ir
Gholamreza
Nabi Bidhendi
0000-0001-9930-9080
استاد گروه مهندسی محیط زیست دانشکدة محیط زیست، دانشگاه تهران
ghhendi@ut.ac.ir
10.22059/jes.2012.29007
Street dusts are suspended particle matters in the air from different natural and anthropogenic sources that may fall out because of their size and density. Forty nine street dust samples were collected from some main streets of eastern and southern parts of Tehran. One other sample was also collected from Iran University of Science and Technology central campus for comparisons during summer under dry and stable weather conditions. The concentrations of Cu, Cr, Pb, Ni, Cd, Zn, Fe, Mn and Li in samples were determined. Correlation, cluster and principal component analyses were used to identify probable sources of metals in street dust. In addition possible effects of human activities on the concentrations of heavy metals were evaluated using enrichment factors (EFs). The results show high concentrations of Cd, Pb, Cu, Cr, Ni, Zn and Fe in Tehran street dust. Maximum concentrations of Pb, Cu, Cr, Ni, Zn and Fe were observed in dust samples along Baghery highway which is one of the highly traffic loaded highways of Tehran. The results revealed that contaminants can might be originated from anthropogenic sources such traffic and fuel combustion related activities, metallic surfaces corrosion, road pavements and building materials. EF values for Cu, Cd, Pb and Zn demonstrated that they are highly enriched in dust. Ecological risk assessments and risk indexes (RI) were performed using Hakanson’s method. The highest ecological risk is contributed to Baghery highway too. Mean EF value for metals was 126. The highest EF value was the one for Cd that is about 1600. Regarding the results of RI and EF, the pollution severity of Cd is more than other metals so it might have more adverse effects on health and urban environment of Tehran. Ecological risk of metals was also very high for all dust samples.
ecological risk,enrichment factor,Heavy metal,Street Dust,Tehran.
https://jes.ut.ac.ir/article_29007.html
https://jes.ut.ac.ir/article_29007_6b3cdcc656eae1b97d68237868c04335.pdf
دانشگاه تهران
Journal of Environmental Studies
1025-8620
2345-6922
38
1
2012
05
21
Evaluation of Mercury Accumulation in Sediments and Benthic Invertebrate Masses from Sanandaj Gheshlagh Reservoir
19
30
FA
Kamran
Almasieh
دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد محیط زیست دانشگاه کردستان
kamran.almasieh@gmail.com
Shahram
Kaboudvandpour
null
استادیار گروه محیط زیست دانشکدة منابع طبیعی دانشگاه کردستان
s.kaboodvandpour@uok.ac.ir
10.22059/jes.2012.29008
Previous studies showed that the level of total mercury (THg) in Sanandaj Gheshlagh Reservoir (SGR) water is higher than those limits established by WHO (i.e., 1 µg/L). Therefore a research project to evaluate the level of total mercury in SGR sediments and benthos masses during July to December 2009 from three different sites with different depths (2 to 30 meters) was carried out. Samples were obtained using Ekman grab. To prevent methyl mercury volatilization, samples were dried out using freeze drier and the level of the total mercury in sediments and benthic samples was measured by Advanced Mercury Analyzer on the dry weight basis. Szefer et al., 1999 method was used to calculate Biota–Sediment Accumulation Factor (BSAF). Mean total mercury (± S.E.) concentration in benthos masses and sediments were 94.3 ± 5.02 and 117.66 ± 9.72 ng g-1 respectively. Mean total mercury were not significantly differed in benthos masses during sampling efforts (F5, 10 = 2.16, P = 0.14), Whereas the levels of total mercury in sediments were significantly different (F5, 10 = 4.88, P = 0.02). All calculated BSAF were lower than one which means the capacity of SGR benthos are not an important fact with respect to their level of THg. But due to the mercury methylation by benthos and its biomagnifications capability, strong considerations have to be taken into the account in respect to consumption of SGR benthivorous fish.
benthic invertebrate,Bioaccumulation,Mercury,Sanandaj Gheshlagh Reservoir,sediments
https://jes.ut.ac.ir/article_29008.html
https://jes.ut.ac.ir/article_29008_4d455f5356c99d0cbc889dff5bb06124.pdf
دانشگاه تهران
Journal of Environmental Studies
1025-8620
2345-6922
38
1
2012
05
21
Application of Modified Bentonites (SMB and ATB) for Decreasing the Environmental Effects of Phosphate and Sulphate Anions
Existing in RAS
31
40
FA
zoheir
Shokouh saljoghi
- مربی گروه شیلات، دانشکده علوم دریایی، دانشگاه دریانوردی و علوم دریایی چابهار
zoheirsaljoghi@yahoo.com
Gholamreza
Rafiee
دانشیار گروه شیلات، دانشکدة منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران
ghrafiee@ut.ac.ir
Akbar
Malekpour
استادیار گروه شیمی، دانشکدة علوم، دانشگاه اصفهان
a.malekpour@chem.ui.ac.ir
Amir
Shokouh saljooghi
استادیار گروه شیمی، دانشکدة علوم، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد
amir.saljooghi@yahoo.com
Omid
Safari
استادیار گروه شیلات، دانشکدة منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد
omid_safary@yahoo.com
10.22059/jes.2012.29009
Use of wastewater treatment methods in aquaculture is one of the main ways for decreasing the environmental effects of this industry and applies the Best Management Practices (BMPs). Anionic compounds are the main pollutants in recirculation aquaculture systems. Ion exchangers such as clays are vastly applied in waste water industry but in Aquaculture systems at yet there isn't any report about use of this materials. Negative surface of the clays enable them for adsorbing cations, however, they do not have any tendency for absorbing anions. Meanwhile, by modifying surface structure, they can adsorb anions. In the present study, modifications of superficial and layered structures of clays were carried out using the organic compound, tetradecyltrimethylammonium and heat treatment to enable the ion exchangers to adsorb the anions from rearing system. Three different ambient temperatures (10, 15 and 20 °C) and different pHs (6, 6.5, 7, 7.5 and 8) were used. Results showed that environmental conditions effected anionic adsorption. Phosphate adsorption from aquaculture effluent and standard solution by two absorbent had significant affected by ambient temperature (P< 0.05), While sulphate adsorption by two adsorbent didn't showe increasing trend. In aquaculture effluent, pH didn't show any regular effect on nitrite absorption. It was inferred that environmental factors such as temperature, pH, anion concentration, presence of other ions and counter ions are effective on absorptive capability of a given ion. Results showed that modified ion exchangers might be useful for harmful anion adsorption from recirculation aquaculture system.
Anionic compounds,Bentonite,BMPs,Recirculation system,Surfactant
https://jes.ut.ac.ir/article_29009.html
https://jes.ut.ac.ir/article_29009_b170fdd5e02251a9f3fc22fe4c6c624b.pdf
دانشگاه تهران
Journal of Environmental Studies
1025-8620
2345-6922
38
1
2012
05
21
The Role of Gypsum Karst in Contaminant Transportation from
Agh Darreh Tailing Dam in Iran
41
48
FA
Hamid Reza
Naseri
دانشیار، دانشکدة علوم زمین، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی تهران
97728655
Yaaghoub
Nikghojagh
کارشناس ارشد هیدروژئولوژی، شرکت آب منطقهای گلستان
yaghobnick@gmail.com
10.22059/jes.2012.29010
Agh Darreh tailing dam located in 23 km north of Takab, west Azarbayjan province is used for disposal of mine tailings. The tailing dam and its reservoir were constructed on gypsiferous marlstones. This is emphasis on geotechnical and environmental importance of the site. Although construction of dams on gypsum rocks were not yet prohibited, but the dissolution of gypsum in contact with water is always impendent, vulnerable and warning. Gypsiferous member of Qom formation with conduit karst characteristics outcrops in some parts of reservoir and foundation of tailing dam. The role of gypsiferous member of Qom formation on cyanide transport from tailing dam is identified using the environmental monitoring data, hydro geological and hydro geochemical measurements and geophysical investigations. The study area is tectonically active. Karst springs and conduits have aligned along the structural fractures in Qom formation. The conduits have a controlling role on groundwater flow direction. Evolution of this conduits under dam foundation provide a hydraulic connection between southwest area of tailing dam reservoir and its downward that leads to contamination of karst springs in downward of the dam.
contaminant transport,Gypsum Karst,tailing dam
https://jes.ut.ac.ir/article_29010.html
https://jes.ut.ac.ir/article_29010_e02731e07058bd10507031912a458759.pdf
دانشگاه تهران
Journal of Environmental Studies
1025-8620
2345-6922
38
1
2012
05
21
Reduction of Excess Sludge Using Different Methods in SBR Process for Biological Wastewater Treatment
(Emphasizing on Ultrasonic Usage)
49
60
FA
Naser
Mehrdadi
دانشیار دانشکدة محیط زیست دانشگاه تهران
mehrdadi1@yahoo.com
Ahmad Reza
Mohammadi
دانشجوی دکتری مهندسی محیط زیست، دانشکدة محیط زیست دانشگاه تهران
a_dehcheshmeh@yahoo.com
Ali
Torabian
استاد دانشکدة محیط زیست دانشگاه تهران
atorabi@ut.ac.ir
10.22059/jes.2012.29011
The activated sludge process is the most widely used biological wastewater treatment for both domestic and industrial plants in the world. One of the drawbacks of conventional activated sludge (CAS) processes is high sludge production. Excess sludge treatment and disposal currently represents a rising challenge for wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) due to economic, environmental and regulation factors. There is therefore considerable impetus to explore and develop strategies and technologies for reducing excess sludge production in biological wastewater treatment processes. In this paper the usability of different sludge reduction processes such as, ozone, ultrasonic, thermal lysis, and high DO concentration to be linked with low load are investigated. Each process was tested under the following conditions to improve yield coefficient in sequence batch reactors (SBRs): ultrasonic (3500 Kj / kg VSS, 20 KHz, 100 w), ozonation (25 mg O3 /g VSS), thermal lysis (80°C for 180 min.), and high DO concentration liked with low load (6 mg/l DO, 0.19 Kg BOD5/m³.day). The investigated processes induced the organic matter solubilisation and yield coefficient reduction (total suspended solids): ultrasonic (78%), ozone (63%), thermal lysis (49%), and high DO concentration (37%). In our experimental conditions, ultrasonic and ozone led to the best sludge production improvement after disintegration of 30 percent of total sludge volume and return it to the reactor. COD removal efficiency and specific oxygen uptake rate (SOUR), in the all investigated processes reduced slightly, but in ultrasonic and thermal lysis methods, sludge settle ability improved and sludge volume index (SVI) decreased to 82 and 95 respectively.
biological wastewater treatment,Excess sludge reduction,Ozonation,thermal lysis,Ultrasonic
https://jes.ut.ac.ir/article_29011.html
https://jes.ut.ac.ir/article_29011_2414a73ca41d3c84c4dc6dbf79bc2b95.pdf
دانشگاه تهران
Journal of Environmental Studies
1025-8620
2345-6922
38
1
2012
05
21
A Practical Approach to Pollution Reduction in Isfahan Province Steel Making Plants
61
70
FA
Mohammad Mehdi
Esmaeili
دکترای علوم سیاسی و کارشناس پژوهشی دانشکدة حقوق و علوم سیاسی دانشگاه تهران
m.m.esmaeli@gmail.com
Mostafa
Esmaeili
دانشجوی دکترای مهندسی مکانیک، دانشکدة فنی دانشگاه تهران .
mosesmaeili@ut.ac.ir
Hadi
Amirshaghaghi
دانشجوی دکترای مهندسی مکانیک، دانشکدة فنی دانشگاه تهران
hashaghaghi@ut.ac.ir
10.22059/jes.2012.29012
Today, in addition to environmental effects, air pollution has economical, social and political consequences. Such a problem is more striking in metropolitans where a cumulating population, vehicles and industries, altogether produce large amounts of pollution. A discernible example is Isfahan city and province, where due to its large steel-producing facilities, as well as the other large facilities and manufacturing plants, solutions to clean air and environment is a demanding task. Regarding to this importance, in the current paper, fume extraction systems of steel manufacturing plants are studied numerically and the effect of various parameters as fresh air inlet gap size, fume temperature and composition as well as the dust size is investigated. To aim this goal a precise 3D model of the entire system and the proper computational grid is generated and system of governing equations for the reactive turbulent two-phase flow is solved using a Finite-Volume based code. The results confirm that although increasing the gap size may lead to a reduction in CO volume fraction, but an increase in products temperature is inevitable. Besides, it is shown that, despite the high efficiency of settling chamber in removing the large size dust particles (greater than 45 micron), it has a poor efficiency in eliminating the smaller size particles.
Computational Fluid Dynamics,Dedusting Solutions,Fume,Social and Political Issue,Steel Making Plant
https://jes.ut.ac.ir/article_29012.html
https://jes.ut.ac.ir/article_29012_ee13505c1612c247915d1be5ba25e1c8.pdf
دانشگاه تهران
Journal of Environmental Studies
1025-8620
2345-6922
38
1
2012
05
21
Developing a Proper Model for Online Estimation of the 5-Day Biochemical Oxygen Demand Based on Artificial Neural Network and Support Vector Machine
71
82
FA
Ali
Eskandari
مربی گروه مهندسی عمران و محیط زیست، دانشکدة فنی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی بوشهر
ali_eskandari225@yahoo.com
Rooholah
Nouri
دانشجوی دکترای گروه مهندسی عمران و محیط زیست، دانشکدة فنی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی بوشهر
roohollahnoori2@gmail.com
Hamed
Meraji
دانشجوی دکترای گروه مهندسی عمران و محیط زیست، دانشکدة فنی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی بوشهر
hamedmeraji@gmail.com
Amin
Kiaghadi
دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد مهندسی محیط زیست دانشکدة فنی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی بوشهر
amin.kiaghadi@gmail.com
10.22059/jes.2012.29013
Recently, hardware sensors are widely used in monitoring and measurement of water quality parameters. Constraint of the instrument to measure some water quality parameters such as the 5-day biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5), which are time consuming, causes efforts are diverted to the use of software sensors for online prediction of BOD5. The main goal of this research is developing an appropriate software sensor based on artificial neural network (ANN) and supported vector machines (SVM) models for online prediction of BOD5 in the Sefidrood River. For this purpose, appropriate models with ANN and SVM are developed by considering BOD5 as a function of other water quality variables. In the development of ANN model the role of various training functions such as Levenberg-Marquardt (LM), resilient back-propagation (RP) and scaled conjugate gradient (SCG) algorithms on optimization of ANN parameters is evaluated. Also for optimization of SVM parameters, two-step grid search algorithm is conducted. The results of this research indicated that superior performance of ANN model with LM algorithm (ANN (LM) model) than the other two algorithms i.e. RP and SCG. Besides SVM model had a suitable performance in BOD5 prediction, so that Pearson correlation coefficient (R) in the test step of the model obtained as 0.95. Finally, the further investigation for selection of the best model between ANN (LM) and SVM based on Developed discrepancy ratio statistic is executed. Results of DDR statistic indicated superior performance of SVM model than ANN (LM) for online prediction of BOD5 in the Sefidrood River.
5-Days Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD5),artificial neural network (ANN),Sefidrood River,Support Vector Machine (SVM
https://jes.ut.ac.ir/article_29013.html
https://jes.ut.ac.ir/article_29013_1e4b75d33bf8d9818ec710168d67c0ea.pdf
دانشگاه تهران
Journal of Environmental Studies
1025-8620
2345-6922
38
1
2012
05
21
Spatial Autocorrelation of CO2 Pollution through the Spatial Spillover of Goods Governance in Middle Eastern and North African Countries
83
92
FA
Hossein
Mirshojaeian Hosseini
دکترای اقتصاد و پژوهشگر در دانشگاه هیروشیما
mirshojaeian2@ut.ac.ir
Farhad
Rahbar
دانشیار دانشکدة اقتصاد دانشگاه تهران
frahbar@ut.ac.ir
Nahid
Pourrostami
استادیار دانشکدة مطالعات جهان دانشگاه تهران
prostami@ut.ac.ir
10.22059/jes.2012.29014
Spatial environmental autocorrelation is a known phenomenon in the environmental studies explaining spatial relationship of environmental characteristics of different geographical units. Different mechanisms have been proposed to clarify how the environments of especially neighboring countries response to changes of each other. This paper attempts to propose a new mechanism, namely spatial institutional spillover effect. In this mechanism, institutional quality of a country not only affects its own environment, but also affects the institutions of neighboring countries and then, their environments. Therefore, the institutional spillover effect is the mechanism that links the environmental features of neighboring countries. The paper tests the spatial autocorrelation of CO2 pollution in Middle Eastern and North African (MENA) countries over the period 1990-2007. The results show that improving and deepening of good governance in MENA countries could reduce the CO2 pollution in their own countries and in their neighboring countries. In this paper, another mechanism to explain the environmental autocorrelation of countries was examined through the spatial institutional spillover effect.
classification: C33- H11- O53- Q56,Institutional development,MENA Region,spatial Autocorrelation,spatial spillover of good governance
https://jes.ut.ac.ir/article_29014.html
https://jes.ut.ac.ir/article_29014_137e926080c7b67813190b3b8370becc.pdf
دانشگاه تهران
Journal of Environmental Studies
1025-8620
2345-6922
38
1
2012
05
21
A Decomposition Analysis of CO2 Emissions Related Energy Consumption in Iran
93
104
FA
ansour
Khalili Araghi
استاد دانشکدة اقتصاد، دانشگاه تهران
khalili2@ut.ac.ir
Gholam Ali
Sharzei
دانشیار دانشکدة اقتصاد دانشگاه تهران
sharzeie2@ut.ac.ir
Sajad
Barkhordari
دانشجوی دکترای اقتصاد دانشگاه تهران و پژوهشگر مرکز تحقیقات سیاست علمی کشور
barkhordari2@ut.ac.ir
10.22059/jes.2012.29015
In this paper, through use of Index Decomposition Analysis (IDA (and the Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index (LMDI) technique, changes in CO2 emissions at the macroeconomic and sectoral levels have been studied for the time period 1346-1385 in eight sub-periods of five year intervals and for the time period 1383-1387 in two three-years sub-period intervals. The results show that changes in per capita GDP and energy intensity have had a positive effect on changes in CO2 emissions at the macroeconomic level, and changes of carbon intensity have had an effective impact on decreasing CO2 emissions. The results of in the industrial sector show that the share of fossil fuels in energy consumed and the share of industry in GDP have a determinant effect on CO2 emissions in the period 1383-1387. Further, the results show that carbon intensity and energy intensity have had a positive impact on CO2 emissions in the service and agricultural sectors and, in spite of other sectors, the share of agriculture in GDP has had a negative effect on CO2 emissions.
CO2 emissions,Energy consumption,Fossil fuels,Index Decomposition Analysis
https://jes.ut.ac.ir/article_29015.html
https://jes.ut.ac.ir/article_29015_76954c97187c0598b68c735047536ce0.pdf
دانشگاه تهران
Journal of Environmental Studies
1025-8620
2345-6922
38
1
2012
05
21
Selecting the Most Suitable Nebka Species Type for Quicksand Stabilization Using AHP Model (Case Study: Najjar Abad Erg, Northeast of Toroud)
105
116
FA
Sayed Hojat
Mousavi
دانشجوی دکترای ژئومرفولوژی، گروه جغرافیای طبیعی، دانشگاه اصفهان
hmousavi152@gmail.com
Masoud
Moayeri
دانشیار ژئومرفولوژی، گروه جغرافیای طبیعی، دانشگاه اصفهان
hr.rahmanii@yahoo.com
Abdollah
Seif
استادیار ژئومرفولوژی، گروه جغرافیای طبیعی، دانشگاه اصفهان
abdsafe2@yahoo.com
Abbasali
Vali
استادیار ژئومرفولوژی، گروه مهندسی منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه کاشان.
abvali@yahoo.com
10.22059/jes.2012.29016
Occurrence of environmental issues and loss of natural resources are the important causes of risk and crisis management strategies of the environment. The influx of quicksand into settlements, communication ways and economical installations is one of the most important environmental problems in the Eastern North of Toroud. The environmental system reacts against of quicksand stress, and is trying to adjust the pressure of wind erosion by creation of Nebka ecosystem. Thus, the development of Nebka landscape can be as element in order to preserve the coordination among environmental forces, and reduce the destructive impacts of quicksand on humane systems. The aims of this study are the comparative grouping of Nebkas in the Eastern North Toroud using AHP model, and presentation of the most suitable of Nebka species for stabilization of mobile sand via analyses of their morphometric parameters. For this achievement, first, the most important morphometric parameters of 67 Nebkas, such as Nebka volume, Nebka height, plant canopy cover, plant height and Nebka diameter, from Haloxylon, Tamarix, Seidlitzia and Alhagi species were measured by linear sampling in field. Then, the studied Nebkas were prioritized using comparative evaluation by AHP model. The results show that Haloxylon species Nebka with weight of 0.505 has the highest of priority for stabilization projects of quicksand. Tamarix species Nebka with weight of 0.302 has less importance than Haloxylon species Nebka, but it has higher priority than Seidlitzia and Alhagi species Nebka. Therefore, for implementation of stabilization projects of quicksand, primarily development of Haloxylon species Nebka and in the second stage development of Tamarix species Nebka has the highest of efficiency.
AHP model,Najjar Abad Erg,Nebka,Sand stabilization,Toroud
https://jes.ut.ac.ir/article_29016.html
https://jes.ut.ac.ir/article_29016_69dd85dcb3676a0ae102030744dcc2c2.pdf
دانشگاه تهران
Journal of Environmental Studies
1025-8620
2345-6922
38
1
2012
05
21
Estimating the Rangeland Vegetation Cover of Tang-e-Sayyad Region
(Chaharmahal-o-Bakhtiary Province) Using IRS LISS-III Data
117
130
FA
Eslam
Zarineh
کارشناسی ارشد مرتع، دانشگاه شهرکرد
zarineh2007@gmail.com
Mehdi
Naderi Khorasgani
استادیار گروه خاکشناسی، دانشکدة کشاورزی دانشگاه شهرکرد
khnaderi2@yahoo.com
Esmaeili
Asadi Borujeni
استادیار گروه مرتع و آبخیز، دانشکدة منابع طبیعی و علوم زمین دانشگاه شهرکرد
asadi-es@agr.sku.ac.ir
10.22059/jes.2012.29017
Rangelands encompass 55% of Iran's territory. Monitoring of such resources is inevitable due to dynamic behavior and extremely high extension. Scanning of land resources data by satellites facilitates monitoring the rangelands. This research was carried out to study the relationships of vegetation indices derived from IRS LISS-III data with vegetation cover of Tange Sayyad region in the Chaharmahal va Bakhtiary Province. Thirty sampling units were selected randomly in the region by considering vegetation types. In each unit 12 plots (2×1.5 m) were selected randomly and the vegetation cover of plots was measured. Satellite data were geometrically and radiometrically corrected. The digital values of the corresponded pixels to each sampling plot were considered for statistics analysis. The results indicated from 24 applied vegetation indices 15 are suitable for estimation of grasses and summation of grasses and forbs covers and 10 indices could be applied for estimation total rangeland vegetation cover. The results also showed that DVI is the most suitable index for estimation of grasses' and summation of grasses and forbs' cover and NDVI was the most suitable index for estimation of total vegetation cover. Estimation of bushes' and forbs' covers independently was not possible due to low development of vegetation cover. The results also indicated possible estimation of grasses', forbs', bushes' and summation of grasses and forbs' yield through their coverage.
IRS-P6 LISS-III,Rangeland,Tangesayyad,vegetation cover,Vegetation index
https://jes.ut.ac.ir/article_29017.html
https://jes.ut.ac.ir/article_29017_b9c42c233744463078588922fe4c7009.pdf
دانشگاه تهران
Journal of Environmental Studies
1025-8620
2345-6922
38
1
2012
05
21
Urban Landfill Site Selection Using AHP and SAW in GIS Environment (Case Study: Kohkiluye-o-Boyer Ahmad Province, Iran)
131
140
FA
Hamid Reza
Jafari
استادیار گروه برنامهریزی محیط زیست دانشگاه تهران
16266754
Yousef
Rafiee
دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد برنامهریزی محیط زیست دانشگاه تهران
yusefrafii2@ut.ac.ir
Majid
Ramezani Mehrian
دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد برنامهریزی محیط زیست دانشگاه تهران
majidmehrian2@ut.ac.ir
Hossein
Nasiri
دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد RS & GIS دانشگاه تهران
nsirih@ut.ac.ir
10.22059/jes.2012.29018
Nowadays urban sanitary landfill compatible with environmental principles and in line with sustainable development is a necessity. In this paper for the purpose of determining appropriate sanitary landfill sites in Kohgilooye & Boyerahmad province, , many data layers were used including: slope, land cover, distance to main roads, distance to cities & villages, geology, surface water network, distance to faults, rainfall and elevation in a GIS based environment. Firstly, the maps for each of the used natural and human indicators were prepared. Then in order to integrate the layers, analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and simple additive weighting (SAW) methods were applied. Weighting and computation of incompatibility Ratio of pair wise Comparisons tables in AHP method was carried out in Expert Choice Software. All indicators and their maps were classified separately according to acquisitive weight in each method. The areas of constraint for land filling of zero value derived from each map that contained such conditions and a single incorporated map or constraint layer was prepared. Afterwards, prepared maps according to acquisitive weights in both AHP and SAW were incorporated and multiplied with constraint layer in GIS. The output shows the appropriate sites for landfill in the province. It was concluded that the AHP method was more conservative than the SAW one.
AHP,Kohkiluye-o-Boyer Ahmad province,Landfill,SAW,Site Selection
https://jes.ut.ac.ir/article_29018.html
https://jes.ut.ac.ir/article_29018_8e673d65b5bbf4de93cd618c9dcbe419.pdf
دانشگاه تهران
Journal of Environmental Studies
1025-8620
2345-6922
38
1
2012
05
21
Impact of Migration on the Sustainability of Residential Environments (Case Study: Neighborhood of “Kan” in Zone 5 of Tehran)
141
154
FA
Manouchehr
Tabibian
استاد گروه برنامهریزی شهری٬ پردیس هنرهای زیبا٬ گروه شهرسازی دانشگاه تهران
44778966
Naser
Rezaee
کارشناس ارشد برنامه ریزی شهری و منطقهای پردیس هنرهای زیبا ٬ گروه شهرسازی دانشگاه تهران
naser.rezaie@ut.ac.ir
Homayon
Nouraee
مربی گروه شهرسازی موسسه آموزش عالی دانشپژوهان اصفهان
h_nooraie@ut.ac.ir
10.22059/jes.2012.29019
Most metropolitan’s neighbourhood like Tehran, traditional and cultural values of old neighbourhoods such as "Kan" that faced unbalanced demographic developments in the development path in Tehran, are far with the concept of neighbourhoods indices that represent this kind of human habitat, Caused the most important reasons They lack the social structure of homogeneous neighborhoods. Consequently, the present study aims is the effect of factors influencing in the unsustainability of contemporary urban neighbourhoods by looking particularly affected by immigration issues. Due to limitations of research, relation Immigration with this issues, Will be reflects the research question that is “whether migration has affected sustainability in "Kan" environmental? During this research, global theoretical studies were used to explain theoretical framework and with documents studies and employing questionnaires and using SPSS software to answer questions and prove the research hypotheses using Topsis methods were discussed.
Research results indicate the fact that migration took place due to low cost housing to “Kan” Was impressive to decrease quality residential environment, including the identity, dynamics and adaptation, carring capacity and etc.
Housing price,Kan Neighbourhood,Migration,Neighborhood,Sustainable Neighbourhood
https://jes.ut.ac.ir/article_29019.html
https://jes.ut.ac.ir/article_29019_1053bcf3ddb20078e622190e30619087.pdf
دانشگاه تهران
Journal of Environmental Studies
1025-8620
2345-6922
38
1
2012
05
21
The Intertwinement of Maryan Nomad's Settlements with Historical Settlement of Taleshan
155
166
FA
Firouzeh
Agha Ebrahimi Samani
دانشجوی دکترای برنامه ریزی محیط زیست دانشکدة محیط زیست، دانشگاه تهران
fsamanidgn2@yahoo.com
Behrang
Bahrami
دانشجوی دکترای برنامه ریزی محیط زیست دانشکدة محیط زیست، دانشگاه تهران
bbahramidgn2@yahoo.com
Esmaeil
Salehi
09123752788
گروه برنامه ریزی محیط زیست دانشکدة محیط زیست، دانشگاه تهران
tehranssaleh@ut.ac.ir
Homa
Irani Behbahani
دانشیار گروه مهندسی طراحی محیط دانشکدة محیط زیست، دانشگاه تهران
gitibeh@ut.ac.ir
Roya
Saatian
دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد مهندسی طراحی محیط دانشکدة محیط زیست، دانشگاه تهران
rsaatian@yahoo.com
10.22059/jes.2012.29020
Variety of Iran’s ecological structures has created many cultural landscapes. Cultural landscapes, illustrate a combination of man’s persistent life and the art of land modification by means of natural environment and in the form of human settlements in past ages. Currently, the human society’s development beside the scientific growth, man’s increasing use of natural resources and negative consequences of tourism without any correct design and optimal management in natural historical areas, has led to the destruction of ecological and historical structures of cultural landscapes. The new consideration of integrated conservation has been the ground for protecting ecological historical areas and settlements. Natural and historical region of Talesh with special ecological characteristics is one of the most valuable and attractive areas that has 4500-year-old settlements. Of the valuable parts of Talesh cultural landscape especially in Agh-evlar Maryan studying region of Talesh countryside near Karganrood River, are the permanent and seasonal settlements of local nomads. These settlements with special architecture, methods of utilizing local materials, correct location and particularly various building in periods of time, have specific persistent and attract many tourists. On the other hand, development of new constructions and villa building of surrounding cities inhabitants has led to the gradual destruction of cultural landscape of region. Identifying these settlements and the way of spreading them by means of the new technology of telemetry have created the basis for the general environmental protection of their cultural characters and in addition to the presentation of the rules for developing the new buildings matching cultural landscape, leads to stable tourism development.
Agh-evlar Maryan,Cultural Landscape,ecological system,integrated conservation,Sustainable Tourism
https://jes.ut.ac.ir/article_29020.html
https://jes.ut.ac.ir/article_29020_4bb997e6360f809ac101c3852d3afc8a.pdf