ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Analysis of Physical Risks in Iranian Khuzestan Balarood Dam, At Step of Construction Using Multi-Attribute Decision Making Method
This study is geared toward identification and analysis of risks resulting from construction of Balarood Dam. To this, following identification of tasks and the environment of the study area with respect to the intensity, probability and possible consequences of those effects on the human, environment and equipment; identification and categorization of risks were performed under Delphi methods. Finally, risk factors were categorized under natural, biophysical and human events. Scientific methods applied in this study are TOPSIS and AHP, which constitute MADM method. Prioritization of the risk factors was performed using the MADM method in the form of TOPSIS method with the EXCEL software. Then, to prioritize risk factors based on their importance, Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method was used by way of entering values to Expert Choice Software. In the TOPSIS method; excavation, backfilling, explosion, equipment and machinery works were given weights of 0.253, 0.159 and 0.114 respectively and were ranked from first to third. In AHP method; excavation and backfilling were given a final weight of 0.277 with the first priority, whereas the excavation and explosion were given final weights of 0.160 and 0.111 with the second and third priority. To compromise the conflicts occurred between the results of both AHP and TOPSIS methods, prioritization strategies were adopted using the integration methods (average ranking method, Borda and Kaplan method). Therefore, excavation, backfilling, explosion and drilling were respectively identified as the main environmental risk factors of Balarood Dam at the construction phase.
https://jes.ut.ac.ir/article_23158_787e4acfb8993cf0a014b7653f1d74a4.pdf
2011-08-23
25
38
analytical hierarchy process
Construction Phase
Copeland method
Environmental risk analysis
TOPSIS method
Sayed Ali
Jozi
sajozi2@yahoo.com
1
استادیار گروه محیط زیست. دانشکدة فنی و مهندسی، دانشگاه آزاداسلامی واحد تهران شمال
AUTHOR
Sayed Mohsen
Hosseini
hosseini2@modares.ac.ir
2
دانشیار گروه محیط زیست. دانشکدة منابع طبیعی و علوم دریایی دانشگاه تربیت مدرس
AUTHOR
Ali Reza
khayatzadeh
khayatzade@gmail.com
3
کارشناس ارشد رشته عمران.گرایش آب، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز
AUTHOR
Mehrnoush
Tabib shoshtary
tabib.mehrnosh@yahoo.com
4
کارشناسی ارشد رشته علوم محیط زیست. ارزیابی و آمایش سرزمین ،دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد علوم و تحقیقات خوزستان
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Spatial Environmental Kuznets Curve for Asian Countries:
Study of CO2 and PM10
Environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) is one of the known concepts in environmental economics developed dramatically over the last twenty years ago. One of the advances in studying the relationship between economic growth and environmental quality is concerning the spatial autocorrelation of ecological phenomena. The rationale behind spatial environmental Kuznets curve (SEKC) is similar to EKC including this idea that spatial spillover of dependent variable can be specified as an explanatory variable in the model. Using a spatial panel data model, SEKC is estimated for CO2 and PM10 pollutants in Asian countries over the period 1990-2007. The objective of the paper is answering to these research questions: Does spatial autocorrelation exist for CO2 and PM10 pollutants? Moreover, how much are their significance? Regarding the findings, spatial autocorrelation can explain changing the level of CO2 and PM10 pollutants in Asian countries by 10% and 17%, respectively. In addition, an inverted U-shape and a monotonic positive relationship have been found between income per capita and the volume of CO2 and PM10 pollutants, respectively.
https://jes.ut.ac.ir/article_23159_81fa7666d04c6b34d867ef4a874fe61f.pdf
2011-08-23
1
14
Asian countries
JEL Classification
spatial Autocorrelation
Spatial environmental Kuznets curve
Spatial panel data model
Hossein
Mirshojaeian Hosseini
mirshojaeian@ut.ac.ir
1
دانشکده اقتصاد دانشگاه تهران و پژوهشگر در دانشگاه هیروشیما،دانشجوی دکترای علوم اقتصادی
AUTHOR
farhad
rahbar
frahbar@ut.ac.ir
2
دانشیار دانشکدة اقتصاد دانشگاه تهران
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Application of Effective Mesh Size Metric for the Analysis of Forest Habitat Fragmentation inside the Defined Road Effect Zone of Golestan National Park
Fragmentation is one of the major spatial processes leading to change in a landscape, which is described as transformation of a specific habitat or land cover to smaller patches with less connectivity and viability. Construction of Roads is one of the main causes of fragmentation in natural areas and habitats. Presence of roads in ecologically sensitive and protected areas, leads to destruction of values and proper functions of such areas. In Iran, one famous example of this phenomenon is the existing road in Golestan national park. Although this road was destroyed in flash floods due to improper location (close to river) it is still under operation and construction in the same place. This research aims to present a quantitative measure for illustrating the road’s negative impacts on the park by use of one landscape ecological metric. Effective mesh size (meff) is a suitable metric for quantifying fragmentation is which is a probability that two randomly chosen points in the landscape are connected and not separated by barriers and so is a helpful tool for investigating roads impacts on landscapes. In this research, in order to investigate structural changes due to the road, road effect zone was chosen as spatial unit and the metric was calculated for two time series land cover map (1987 and 2008). The results show a decline of 47.40 percent which is an indication of increasing in fragmentation and reduction in connectivity in forest land covers in road effect zone in Golestan national park. Because of high ecological sensitivity of the forest land covers in road effect zone, monitoring their changes should be noticed in management plan of Golestan national park.
https://jes.ut.ac.ir/article_23160_2db5ef2eeaf73be11a156a5fbde782ce.pdf
2011-08-23
15
20
Effective mesh size metric
Fragmentation
Golestan national park
Road effect zone
Lobat
Zebardast
lzebardast@alumni.ut.ac.ir
1
دانشجوی دکتری برنامه ریزی محیط زیست، دانشکدة محیط زیست، دانشگاه تهران
AUTHOR
Ahmad Reza
Yavari
ayavari@ut.ac.ir
2
استادیار دانشکده محیط زیست دانشگاه تهران(ارزیابی و اکولوژی کوهستان)
AUTHOR
Esmaeil
Salehi
tehranssaleh@ut.ac.ir
3
گروه مدیریت و برنامه ریزی دانشکدة محیط زیست دانشگاه تهران، دکتری شهرسازی
AUTHOR
Majid
Makhdoum
mmakhdom@ut.ac.ir
4
استاد محیط زیست دانشکدة منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Determination of Indicator Species of Some Soil Characteristics by Ordination Method in Kooh -e- Namak Rangelands, Qom
With regard to the mutual relations between plant and soil as the main component of rangeland ecosystems, this research has been identified the indicator species in environmental conditions of dry regions as the most important tools in ecological management of these ecosystems. Therefore the steppe and dry rangelands of Kooh - e- Namak in Qom province was selected. Sampling was done by plot in each land unit randomly after determination of equal land units. Size and number of plots were determined by minimal area and statistical method respectively. After identifying the plants in each plot canopy cover percentage and topographic characteristics of these poits was recorded. Then, Soil samples were taken from two depths (0–20 and 20–50 cm) in each unit by digging of soil profile. EC, pH, CaSo4, CaCo3, SAR and texture were determined in lab. Finally, data analysis was done and relation between species and soil parameters was obtained by ordination techniques, DCA and CCA. The results showed that soil salinity and texture are the main limiter factors of plants growth in this region. Only Stipagrostis plumosa and Tamarix aphylla had positive reaction to saline and sandy soils respectively. Also, the species in degraded zones hadn’t distinct reaction to edaphic parameters and appeared as a separate ecological group.
https://jes.ut.ac.ir/article_23161_311211da2819ce1c2d5b04c0233bd11c.pdf
2011-08-23
21
28
dry regions
Indicator Species
Ordination
Qom
soil
Mohammad Reza
Tatian
mr_t979@yahoo.com
1
دانشکده علوم مرتع دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، استادیار
AUTHOR
Alireza
Zabihi
zabihi.1383@yahoo.com
2
کارشناس ارشد مرتع داری دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Modeling of Relationship between Land use/Cover and land Surface Temperature Using ASTER datasets
Land Surface Temperature (LST) is an important factor in global change studies. The information about LST has an important role in the range of issues and themes in earth sciences such as global environment change, human-environment interaction and more specifically to urban climatology. This research has been undertaken to analyze the potential of multispectral satellite data for retrieving the biophysical parameters to estimate the land surface temperature in the Tehran semi-arid area of Iran. To gain this, multi-temporal ASTER data were used, Minimum Noise Fraction (MNF) was performed to reduce the data redundancy and correlation between spectral bands, emissivity and LST values were estimated using Temperature and Emissivity Separation (TES) algorithm and vegetation density was extracted using the NDVI and Vegetation Fraction Cover (FVC). The results show that the classification results improve using MNF components in comparison to using of the MLC, LULC has high impact on surface temperature regimes, high dense built up area, bare lands and fallow lands exhibit a higher surface temperature, NDVI and FVC with LST were found to be closely correlated in several LULC categories, especially in Vegetation areas.
https://jes.ut.ac.ir/article_23162_3761fcc0f1af0ce5d955112d30e0b5ee.pdf
2011-08-23
37
42
FVC.
land use/cover
LST
Spectral mixture analysis
TES
Peyman
Malekpour
payman.malekpour@gmail.com
1
دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد فتوگرامتری، دانشکدة مهندسی نقشه برداری، دانشگاه صنعتی خواجه نصیرالدین طوسی
AUTHOR
Mohammad
Taleie
taleai@kntu.ac.ir
2
استادیار، دانشکدة مهندسی نقشه برداری، دانشگاه صنعتی خواجه نصیرالدین طوسی
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Land use Change Modeling Using Multi-Criteria Decision
Analysis and GIS
In recent decades, as a result of population growth, industrial developments, scarcity of sources, etc. more attention has been paid to spatial planning. Spatial planning needs the consideration of different goals, scenarios, criterions and constraints, which leads us to the usage of spatial Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) methods. The mail goal of this research is to develop a novel model, based on GIS and MCDA methods, for both the assessment of present land uses and the allocation of needed land uses. For this purpose, two models for the calculation of land use suitability and compatibility are developed using MCDA methods of TOPSIS, ELECTRE and SAW, and GIS functions. Finally, a model is developed for the allocation of new land uses, on the basis of parameters such as land use suitability, land use compatibility, cost and difficulty of land use change, and land use demands. In this model, spatial units with lower levels of land use suitability and compatibility are considered and evaluated for change to the more adequate land uses. Besides the analyses of the present condition of land uses, these models provide the possibility of evaluating future land use patterns and scenarios from the point of view of land use suitability, land use compatibility and per capita levels.
https://jes.ut.ac.ir/article_23163_20b755087132c853f2e0484aeb9a7767.pdf
2011-08-23
43
52
GIS
multi criteria decision analysis
Suitability
Compatibility
land use change
Mehrnoush
Bakhtiarifar
mehrnoosh_bakhtiary@yahoo.com
1
کارشناس ارشد GIS دانشکدة مهندسی نقشه برداری، دانشگاه صنعتی خواجه نصیر الدین طوسی
AUTHOR
Mohammad Saadi
Mesgari
smesgari@yahoo.com
2
استادیار گروه مهندسی GIS، دانشکدة مهندسی نقشه برداری، دانشگاه صنعتی خواجه نصیرالدین طوسی
AUTHOR
Mohammad
Karimi
mkarimi2@kntu.ac.ir
3
دانشجوی دکترای GIS، دانشکدة مهندسی نقشه برداری، دانشگاه صنعتی خواجه نصیرالدین طوسی
AUTHOR
Abolghasem
Chehreghani
a241_che@yahoo.com
4
کارشناس ارشد GIS دانشکدة مهندسی نقشه برداری، دانشگاه صنعتی خواجه نصیرالدین طوسی
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Environmental Risk Analysis of Abadan Gas Power Plant Using TOPSIS Method
Through risk assessment process, it is necessary to identify, analyze, and prioritize systematically all environmental impacts of industries which have high destructive potentiality as well as representation of a mitigation plan. The current study aims at identification and prioritization of risks and impacts caused by Abadan Gas Power Plant. All kinds of the operational risks of the power plant were identified using 99 DELPHI Questionnaires filled up by expertise and proficient. Afterwards, in order to risk prioritization of each unit existed in Abadan Gas Power Plant TOPSIS Method was applied as one of the Multi Attribute Decision Making (MADM) methods. The mentioned method is widely applied in risk assessment studies due to its usefulness in straightforward application of expertise's intrinsic perceptions in model as well as achieving more objective results in risks analysis and prioritization. The relative importance of criteria was obtained at third step of TOPSIS using Shannon Entropy and Eigenvector Techniques. Subsequently, after risks prioritization of each unit separately, the most important risks of Abadan Gas Power Plant were determined using TOPSIS Method and one-way analysis of variance (one-way ANOVA) statistic test. The calculated results of Abadan Gas Power Plant risk analysis revealed that risks derived from activities including unit commissioning with weight of 0.807, fuel tanks with weight of 0.798, gas fuel delivery with weight of 0.630 as well as working on the cultch of the liquid fuel with weight of 0.603 and replacement of gas filters at mechanic unit are the most important environmental risks of the power plant. Therewith, strategies to control and mitigate the identified risks were presented. Among the suggested strategies, usage of electrical protective and intermittent equipments, periodic visits and preventive repairmen against fire and exploitation risk of the power plant can be noted.
https://jes.ut.ac.ir/article_23164_2f42fbca59f49bcc55cc33ea18b60d37.pdf
2011-08-23
53
66
Abadan Gas Power Plant
environmental risk assessment
Multi criteria decision making methods
TOPSIS Technique
Sayed Ali
Jozi
sajozi2@yahoo.com
1
استادیار گروه محیط زیست، دانشکدة فنی و مهندسی، دانشگاه آزاداسلامی واحد تهران شمال
AUTHOR
Shabnam
Saffarian
sabasaffarian@yahoo.com
2
کارشناسی ارشد علوم محیط زیست، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد علوم و تحقیقات اهواز
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Comparative Analysis of Environmental Principals for the Distribution of Urban land Uses (Case Studies: the United States, the Great Britain, Canada and Iran)
The aim of this research is to analyze the environmental principals which are used for land use planning of Iranian communities in order to determine whether they are sufficient and efficient for conserving and improving the quality of urban environments or not. first, the environmental principals were extracted from municipal local plans (community plans) of the spatial planning systems of Iran and some pioneer countries in the field of urban land use planning such as United States, the Great Britain and Canada, and they were then categorized in two separate groups. Having done that, through the analysis of the advantages, disadvantages and compatibility of these two groups, the homogenous and applicable environmental principals for urban land use planning in Iran proposed in a combined new set. In the next stage, the environmental principals for the distribution of urban land uses planned for urban development of the region 5’s municipality of Tehran (as one of the most recent practical set of principles applied for urban land use planning of Iranian communities) were compared with the principals proposed in the new combined set. The results revealed that the region 5 principals are inefficient and insufficient for improving the quality of urban environment. In the final analysis, it was revealed that a combination of common and homogenous environmental principals of urban land use planning in the pioneer studied countries and Iran can form an appropriate model for sustainable urban planning in Iran.
https://jes.ut.ac.ir/article_23165_644ee2ab47620409c35e1a2816434a8f.pdf
2011-08-23
67
80
Community Plans
comparative analysis
Environmental Principals
spatial planning
Urban Land Uses
Zeinab
Yeganeh keya
kimiyayeganeh@yahoo.com
1
کارشناسی ارشد برنامهریزی محیط زیست، دانشکدة محیط زیست، دانشگاه تهران
AUTHOR
Shahrzad
Faryadi
sfaryadi@ut.ac.ir
2
استادیار برنامهریزی محیط زیست دانشکدة محیط زیست، دانشگاه تهران
AUTHOR
Ahmad Reza
Yavari
ayavari@ut.ac.ir
3
دانشیار برنامهریزی محیط زیست دانشکدة محیط زیست، دانشگاه تهران
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Land use Changes and its Effects on Water Quality
(Case study: Karkheh watershed)
In the case of Iran with arid and semiarid climate and lack of freshwater, pay attention to water quality and its effective factors is necessary. Karkheh watershed is more than 5 million hectares in area and with biggest soil dam in Asia, which has widespread land use changes in last decades. The most important factors of water volume and water resources reduction are aridity and improper land use. In this research at first survey of land use changes on the 5 sub-basins of the watershed over a period from 1988 to 2002 accomplished, using TM and ETM land set satellites. Then water quality changes have been studied in this period. Results show that land use changes are tending to reduction of ranges, forests, gardens and agriculture lands, and the increase in sterile lands. The area of urbane lands on the entire of watershed increased from 19051 to 27794 hectares in the period of 1988 to 2002. Studding the land use changes in different sub-basins separately shows the increase in urbane lands in the most of which. The increase in agriculture and garden lands was also seen in two sub-basins, Kashkan and South-Karkheh. On the other hand the water quality of Karkheh River shows severe loss, as increased by the parameter EC, TDS, SAR and Anion and Cation in the course of study shows. Therefore, the results indicate water quality reducing as a result of land use changing. As well, the available data in this region show drought over period of 1998-2000, that with land use changes cause reduction of discharge and therefore reduction of water quality.
https://jes.ut.ac.ir/article_23166_d218829d0d8d3121e41688dc09654b62.pdf
2011-08-23
81
86
Karkheh river
land use change
TM and ETM land set satellites
Water quality
Ali
Salajegheh
73496325
1
دانشکدة منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، دانشیار گروه احیا مناطق خشک و کوهستانی
AUTHOR
Samaneh
Razavizadeh
srazavizade@gmail.com
2
دانشکدة منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کارشناس ارشد آبخیزداری و عضو باشگاه پژوهشگران جوان
AUTHOR
Nematollah
Khorasani
khorasani@ut.ac.ir
3
دانشکدة منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، استاد گروه محیط زیست
AUTHOR
Mina
Hamidifar
mhamidifar@yahoo.com
4
کارشناس ارشد محیط زیست
AUTHOR
Susan
Salajegheh
sosansalajegheh@yahoo.com
5
دانشکدة منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران ، دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد محیط زیست
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Sustainable Design of Mountainous Valleys for Outdoor Recreation (Case Study: Koohsar Natural Park of Tehran)
The needs and characteristics of Tehran Metropolitan and developing recreational areas require goal setting and special planning from various view points. Regarding the destroying process in mountainous regions, especially in south Alborz (Koohsar Nature Park), makes the importance of the region obvious. So, it's better to plan such areas in a systematic and fundamental framework.
The purpose of this research is to provide principle and solutions for sustainable mountainous landscape planning, and their probable development. Preservation and promotion of natural heritage and tourism enhancement, emphasizing on environmental quality, is among planning goals of such environments.
The expected results of the research are: conflict mitigation on intact areas using zoning procedure emphasizing on reduction of negative human conflicts. We considered model making for planning with the least environment destroying, and for sustainable tourism planning and finally to achieve tourism planning principles. Then, we compared the research findings and provided strategic plan (the best planning option) of Koohsar Natural Park aiming at observing sustainable planning principles, tourism development, and environment quality promotion.
https://jes.ut.ac.ir/article_23167_5c3c5e378805c9768c1ad87f36d964c9.pdf
2011-08-23
87
96
Koohsar.
Landscape Design
Mountainous Recreation
Natural Park
Preservation
Alireza
Mikaeili
amikaeili2@gmail.com
1
دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان ، دانشیار گروه محیط زیست -
AUTHOR
Shahrzad
Mehrmand
shahrzad_mehrmand@yahoo.com
2
دانشکدة محیط زیست، دانشگاه تهران، کارشناس ارشد مهندسی طراحی محیط زیست،
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Manganese Removal from Aqueous Solution by Natural and Sodium-Modified Zeolite
The purpose of this study is comparison of Manganese absorption capacity by natural and modified Zeolite. For this purpose used by from Semnan mines Zeolite with mean particle diameter of 360 micrometer. For modified zeolite, 5 g amount of natural Zeolite with 100 ml of 1 M sodium chloride solution mixed and maintained at 24 hours in room temperature. For measure specific surface of absorbents, used by methylene blue absorption method, and results showed the specific surface of natural and modified Zeolite is 12.13 and 13.453 m2/g respectively. The analysis of Adsorption kinetics showed that non-equilibrium models Avrami, Ho et al and Lagergern described good adsorption processes. But Avrami's model has lowest error factor (0.016 for natural Zeolite and 0.007 for modified Zeolite) and the highest correlation coefficient (99.9%). Isotherm adsorption study showed that Sip's and Longmuir models correlation coefficients are 99.8% with 0.075 and 0.074 error factors respectively that better described data for natural Zeolite sorbent. Also, for the modified Zeolite, Sip's model correlation coefficient (99.7%) and with lowest error factor (0.097) is data better described the experimental data. Manganese adsorption capacity for natural and modified Zeolite is 3.67 and 5.316 mg/g respectively. The results showed that the zeolite Semnan (Iran) to various absorbents such as zeolite Turkey and Chile in a better capacity to remove manganese from the environment is blue. Also, the removal efficiency of manganese by sodium zeolite has been greater than normal.
https://jes.ut.ac.ir/article_23168_ec623729b91c7f4460efedd33c3326fc.pdf
2011-08-23
97
104
Adsorption
Equilibrium and non-equilibrium models
manganese
zeolite
Adel
Esfahani
adelesfehani@yahoo.com
1
گروه مهندسی آب دانشگاه زابل، دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد آبیاری و زهکشی
AUTHOR
Zaman
Shamohammadi Heidari
zamanz50@yahoo.com
2
گروه مهندسی آب دانشگاه زابل، دانشیار گروه مهندسی آب
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Assessing the Controlling Factors of Groundwater Hydrochemistry in Mond alluvial Aquifer, Bushehr
In this research, controlling factors affecting salinity of groundwater in Mond aquifer, Bushehr province, was studied. Electrical conductivity of water supply wells is varied between 1727 to more than 6000µs. Negative water balance is governed to aquifer because of two separate water exploitation zones. Lithology of surrounding formations, salt dome, saltwater intrusion and return flow of irrigation waters are factors that can contribute in water salinity. Using physical and chemical tests relating to 28 operating wells, the role of each of these factors in water salinity has been studied. Physicochemical characteristics and major elements (Na, K, Ca, Mg, Cl, SO4, and HCO3) were analyzed in these samples. Multivariate statistical methods were employed in assessing groundwater quality. The results show that, the main hydrochemical facies of the aquifer (Ca,Mg–SO4), represents 96% of the total samples. Clustering analysis shows two distinctive groundwater groups relevant to two different well fields. The results of factor analysis indicate that three factors explain about 83.3% total sample variance. The first and most important factor is mainly controlled by Gypsum dissolution in Fars group formation rounding Mond Plain. Dissolution of Halite and seawater intrusion is the second important source of salinity.
https://jes.ut.ac.ir/article_23169_b28ca6f6a5465dc0a32269adb3404c3c.pdf
2011-08-23
Bushehr Province
Hydrogeochemistry
Mond
PCA
salinity
Mohsen
Rezaee
m_rezaei@tmu.ac.ir
1
استادیار زمینشناسی با گرایش آبشناسی، و مدیر گروه زمینشناسی دانشگاه تربیت معلم تهران
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Determining the Minimum Ecological Water Requirements in Perennial Rives Using Morphological Parameters
This paper studies one of the most important problems of those countries that are confronted with the water deficit and competition of rivals for the water allocation. In this research, by discussing on the currently used methods for minimum environmental water definition in Iran, a method that is applicable efficiently and more precisely in the areas with no biological habitat data is introduced. In this regard, the Tenant (Montana) method as a hydrological method and the Wetted perimeter as a hydraulic method are analyzed and compared. According to the obtained results, the Montana method could be an improper selection for the minimum environmental water allocation, while the hydraulic method shows more coincidence with the natural state of the selected perennial river. For defining of the Wetted perimeter method's parameters, the Maximum Curvature and the Slope Algorithm were used. For the case study, the Slope Algorithm gives a minimum water requirement higher than the river discharge that may cause a conflict in the areas with the water deficit crisis.
https://jes.ut.ac.ir/article_23170_51edf5aaeb782dc9f96af5779a972b48.pdf
2011-08-23
117
128
Ecological Water requirement
environment
Morphological parameters
river
Alireza
Shokouhi
shokoohi@ikiu.ac.ir
1
دانشگاه بینالمللی امام خمینی (ره)، دانشیار دانشکدة فنی و مهندسی، گروه مهندسی آب
AUTHOR
Yang
Hong
yanghong@ou.edu
2
دانشگاه اکلاهما ایالات متحده امریکا ، دانشیار دانشکده مهندسی عمران و علوم محیط زیست ، نورمن - اکلاهما
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Estimation of Nitrate in Hamedan-Bahar Plain Groundwater Using Artificial Neural Network and the Effect of Data Resolution on prediction Accuracy
Information on nitrate in groundwater resources requires periodic measurements are accurate. Despite the measure in some areas due to sensitive social and health community are not reported. Therefore, be informed of the status of each area of water quality, modeling is essential. The purpose of this study was the application of artificial neural network method for estimating nitrate and compared with measured and estimated effectiveness of nitrate from the number and type of input data to neural network models. Data from 53 groundwater wells Hamedan - Bahar plain, two groups of costly information and low cost, during the years 2003 to 2008 were collected. In costly information, of the 13 independent variables were used as chemical input neural network and in low-cost group of seven and eight variables separately for modeling nitrate was used. Comparison of three structures indicates the high ability of neural network models in predicting the nitrate concentration. Comparison of the average error from all three neural network models with t test and Z statistics showed significant differences between the model results, there isn't. Therefore, the input data in neural network group is justified. Model input parameters include the depth of the static characteristics of geomorphology, deep wells, geographical and qualitative information of temperature, pH, EC of water samples was measured that was predicted, with nitrate concentrations of more than % 80 confidence that shows model performance is good in the aquifer of Hamedan– Bahar.
https://jes.ut.ac.ir/article_23171_3aac262a99c392b645a8afae8b570b43.pdf
2011-08-23
129
140
Artificial Neural Network
Hamedan
Nitrate
prediction
Hamid
Zare Abyaneh
zareabyaneh3@gmail.com
1
دانشگاه بوعلیسینا ، استادیار گروه مهندسی آب دانشکدة کشاورزی
AUTHOR
Maryam
Bayat Varkeshi
m.bayat.v2@gmail.com
2
دانشگاه بوعلیسینا ، دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد آبیاری و زهکشی دانشکدة کشاورزی
AUTHOR
Samira
Akhavan
s.akhavan@basu.ac.ir
3
دانشگاه بوعلیسینا، استادیار گروه مهندسی آب دانشکدة کشاورزی
AUTHOR
Mohammad
Mohammadi
md_mohamadi2020@yahoo.com
4
دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، کارشناس آبیاری
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Evaluation of Ark clam (Barbatia helblingii) as Biomonitor Agent for PAHs Contamination in Coastal Area of Bushehr
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are a major group of organic contaminants which are consisted of two or more benzene rings. Many of these compounds are potentially toxic and many studies have been carried out to investigate their toxicity in PAHs exposed people. The Bushehr coastal area is very important place for oil exploration, exploitation and transportation in north Persian Gulf. In addition it is influenced by industrial and municipal effluents as well. Since oil sector activities are the major sources of PAHs input in to the Bushehr marine environment, PAHs contamination of water and aquatic organisms in the area is an expected issue. In order to study the extent of PAHs contamination in seawater and Ark clam (Barbatia helblingii) and to evaluate of the clam as biomonitor agent for PAHs compounds in the area, seawater and clams were sampled from intertidal zone of 5 different stations along Bushehr coasts. After digestion and extraction of PAHs by organic solvents, their PAHs contents were analyzed using HPLC. Result showed that tPAHs concentration in seawater taken from Rafael, Sheghab, Abshirinkon, Industrial zone and Helyleh stations was 31.03 µg/l, 20.85 µg/l, 4.04 µg/l, 17.58 µg/l and 12.29 µg/l respectively. Concentration of tPAHs in soft tissue of B.helblingii from the same stations was 634.75 ng/g, 476.66 ng/g, 129.54 ng/g, 452.47 ng/g and 414.96 ng/g (dw) respectively. A significant difference was found between tPAHs concentrations in both seawater and clam samples collected from different stations. Among the studied stations the maximum PAHs level was found in Rafael while the lowest PAHs level was found in Abshirinkon. A significant linear correlation was found between PAHs concentrations in seawater and its level in clam’s soft tissues (P
https://jes.ut.ac.ir/article_23172_c77a3abe06f0f9758d661e094c44e840.pdf
2011-08-23
141
148
Ark clam (B.helblingii)
biomonitoring
Bushehr coasts. Persian Gulf
PAHs
Masoomeh
Mahmoudi
masoome.mahmodi@yahoo.com
1
دانشگاه علوم وفنون دریایی خرمشهر، دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد آلودگی دریا
AUTHOR
Alireza
Safahieh
safahieh@yahoo.com
2
دانشگاه علوم وفنون دریایی خرمشهر، استادیار گروه بیولوژی دریا و معاونت آموزشی
AUTHOR
yadolah
Nikpour
nikpour13423@yahoo.com
3
دانشگاه علوم و فنون دریایی خرمشهر، استادیار گروه شیمی دریا
AUTHOR
Kamal
Ghanemi
kamalghanemi@gmail.com
4
دانشگاه علوم و فنون دریایی خرمشهر، استادیار گروه شیمی دریا
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Evaluation and Comparison of the Ability of Indigenous Pseudomonas Bacteria from Musa creek to remove poly Aromatic Compounds
Most of poly aromatic hydrocarbons are stable in marine environment and don’t degrade easily. If they accede to the aquatic animals bodies, they will accumulate in their fat tissues. The toxic effects of these compounds are consisting of carcinogenic, mutagenic and germinal tribulation. Hence present study was done with purpose of isolation and identification of naphthalene degrading bacteria and comparison of their ability to eliminate this substance. Therefore naphthalene resistant bacteria were isolated and then purified after sampling of oil polluted sediments, implementation of enrichment process and culturing on MSM medium. Among 8 obtained bacterial species 2 of them were selected for further studies as the most capable naphthalene degrading species because of their higher optical density and lower medium pH after 3 days of inoculation. It was characterized that these species were P. aeroginosa and P.putida with perusal morphological trait and accomplishment of some biochemical test. Substrate depletion by these species was measured by HPLC. Results showed degradation measure were 96.14±0.662% and 91.48 ±1.1501% by P. aeroginosa and P. putida respectively after 120 hours of incubation. These values are considerable in comparison with 14.598±3.735% degradation in the same condition but with no bacterial inoculation. Overall results showed isolated bacteria are able to eliminate this pollutant from medium and they presumably have similar demeanour in natural environment so they can be suggested for outside experiments and used in high impurity condition and inoculated in polluted site in higher quantity in exigency.
https://jes.ut.ac.ir/article_23173_487336cfcc643514332fbd08f15ca075.pdf
2011-08-23
149
158
bioremediation
Musa Creek
Naphthalene
P. aeroginosa
P.putida
Alireza
Safahiyeh
safahieh@yahoo.com
1
دانشگاه علوم وفنون دریایی خرمشهر، استادیار گروه بیولوژی دریا و معاونت آموزشی
AUTHOR
Fatemeh
Mojoudi
nasim_mojodi@yahoo.com
2
دانشگاه علوم و فنون دریایی خرمشهر، کارشناسی ارشد بیولوژی دریا گرایش آلودگی دریا
AUTHOR
Hosein
Zolgharnein
zolgharnein@kmsu.ac.ir
3
دانشگاه علوم و فنون دریایی خرمشهر، استادیار. بیوتکنولوژی،گروه بیولوژی دریا،
AUTHOR