Evaluation of Ecological Potential Dez River confine (Tanzimi sluice than Ghire sluice) for Ecotourism
Ali
Movahed
Assist. Prof., Dept. of Geography & urban planning, Shahid Chamran University, Ahvaz-Iran
author
Nasim
Zadeh Dabagh
M.Sc. of Environment, Ahvaz-Iran
author
text
article
2010
per
In order to evaluate the ecological potential for assessing the ecotourism application a region was confined to Dez River. McHarg method and Networks method were applied. According to Makhdoum’s method, to determine environmental units, the ecological resources of the region were surveyed. Then evaluation of the ecological potential was carried out on the basis of ecotourism and qualified regions for ecotourism application was marked both intensively and extensively. From all 78459 hectares, including 1211 environmental units only 15.44 percent retained potential of level two and approximately 84.57 percent of it was devoid of proper potential for local tourism where soil and the bedrock are the restrictive factors for local outdoor recreation. Also around 26.28 percent of the region recognized with the potential level one and the rest, i.e. 73.72 percent, was not appropriated for extensive tourism purposes. Research area was first divided into 21 nets or squares, then ecological sources related to intended application was identified among the nets and scored. The results revealed that the region did not retain a high quality and measured as a medium to weak region in terms of ecotourism application.
Journal of Environmental Studies
دانشگاه تهران
1025-8620
36
v.
55
no.
2010
13
24
https://jes.ut.ac.ir/article_21804_c98853c857f96d0eb6e062870521c94d.pdf
Potential Assessment of Nature-Based Tourism Destinations Using MCA Techniques Case Study: Lavasan-e Koochak
Parvaneh
Ashouri
M.Sc. in Environmental planning,Graduate College of Environment, University of Tehran
author
Shahrzad
Faryadi
Assist. Prof., Graduate College of Environment, University of Tehran
author
text
article
2010
per
This study has used simple and effective method for identification and quantitative assessment criteria related to ecotourism areas (nature-based tourism). For assessment and detailed recognition of ecotourism potentials in the Lavasan-e Kouchek rural district, MCA (Multi Criteria Analysis) method was used in six sub watersheds. Fifteen criteria including eight criteria of natural and cultural attraction, one criterion of access, two criteria of facilities, three criteria of local communities, and two criteria of risk of natural disasters were defined. The weight or relative importance of each criterion was calculated by rank sum method. Then, final score of each sub watershed was calculated using weighted linear combination (WLC) method. As a result the sub watersheds were ranked based on their tourism potentials in 5 levels. The principal component analysis (PCA) was used to determining the most effective criteria in tourism potential of the sub watersheds. Results showed that three criteria of Attractions, facilities and local communities are the most important criteria in the formation of the first component with variance 64.7% and also two criteria of access and the risk of natural disasters are the most important criteria in the formation of the second component with variance 26.9%. Then the sub watersheds were classified by cluster analysis. The results suggested that, the six sub watersheds could not be managed and utilized by a unitary program, and at least three developmental programs is needed to manage a sustainable natural tourism in different areas. The findings of this study indicate that Multi Criteria Analysis increase the accuracy of assessments for locating and will out the criteria of a qualitative assessment.
Journal of Environmental Studies
دانشگاه تهران
1025-8620
36
v.
55
no.
2010
1
12
https://jes.ut.ac.ir/article_21805_0f730bb24a98addc693fb4d0d268b879.pdf
Exploration of characteristics and profile of urban tourism – a case study from Tehran
Homan
Liaghati
دانشیار پژوهشکدة علوم محیطی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی
author
Kouros
Khoshbakht
مربی پژوهشکدة علوم محیطی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی
author
Hossein
Mahmoudi
مربی پژوهشکدة علوم محیطی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی
author
Mohsen
Koucakzade
مربی پژوهشکدة علوم محیطی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی
author
Pegah
Omidvar
همکار پژوهشی ، پژوهشکدة علوم محیطی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی
author
text
article
2010
per
According to world statistics the highest percentage of tourists are belong to urban ecotourism and this percentage is increasing steadily. Therefore, the urban ecotourism has very high potential in attracting of tourists as well as in producing of financial resources and job opportunities. Many cities of Iran including Tehran are benefiting very diverse climatic conditions and so many places that are suitable for urban ecotourism. But unfortunately, has not got its right rank in this subject. One of main reasons is deficient in identification of ecotourism properties as well as its profile. This article is trying to identify the properties of ecotourism and its profile by using of questionnaire method in the case of Tehran city to provide better information for decision makers. 3000 questionnaires were filled randomly in more than 30 different sites including parks, forest parks and valleys of Tehran. 2679 questionnaire were analyzed and results were presented in three divisions including personal and professional properties, temporal and spatial status and profile of ecotourism. The article provides some guides and prospects for optimal and sustainable management of urban ecotourism.
Journal of Environmental Studies
دانشگاه تهران
1025-8620
36
v.
55
no.
2010
25
36
https://jes.ut.ac.ir/article_21806_5b71f9f1e0d6ee97c2adc7cdf79bdfe0.pdf
Vermicomposting of Organic Solid Waste with the E. Fetida in Different Bedding Materials (Case study: Jasla-E-Aleahmad vegetable and fruit market of Tehran at summer 2009)
Mohammad Hossein
Fatehi
دانشجوی دکتری محیطزیست دانشکدة مهندسی شیمی و نفت دانشگاه صنعتی شریف
author
Jalal
Shayegan
استاد محیطزیست دانشکدة مهندسی شیمی و نفت دانشگاه صنعتی شریف
author
text
article
2010
per
Landfill and incineration are two common methods mostly used for disposal of huge quantities of solid wastes. The bioconversion ability of earthworms in vermicomposting process of organic waste in different types of bedding materials was investigated to produce more valuable products as an economical and effective alternate method for solid waste management. In this work organic waste (obtained from vegetable and fruit market of Tehran at summer 2009), Eisenia fetida species and three different bedding materials were used; (1) garden soils mixed with matured cow dung, (2) leaf litter from Sharif University campus and (3) machine shredded paper from Petroleum and Chemical Engineering Department Office. Vermicomposting produced vermicompost with about 50 percent reduction of total organic carbon content (out to CO2) and 100 to 500 percent (depending on the bedding type) increase of nitrogen (stabilize nitrogen air), potassium and phosphorous (change to available form) after 75 days of worms’ activity. Results have shown that vermicomposting can be applied as a suitable environmental friendly method for organic solid waste management.
Journal of Environmental Studies
دانشگاه تهران
1025-8620
36
v.
55
no.
2010
37
42
https://jes.ut.ac.ir/article_21807_a5405db1b84c65bf391f8dfe6799eb87.pdf
The Origin of Oil Hydrocarbons in Southern Coastal Sediments of the Caspian Sea in vicinity of Gholestan and Mazandran province
Ozeir
Abessi
دانشجوی دکتری آب و محیط زیست، دانشکدة مهندسی عمران، دانشگاه علم و صنعت ایران
author
Mohsen
Saeedi
دانشیار گروه آب و محیط زیست دانشکدة عمران دانشگاه علم و صنعت ایران
author
text
article
2010
per
The Caspian Sea as the biggest surrounded water body (lake) in the world is bordered by the states of Azerbaijan, Russia, Iran, Kazakhstan and Turkmenistan. Urban Development in addition to the increase of industrial and oil production activities (oil refinery and petrochemical plants) in the northern and eastern regions of Caspian Sea in recent years have caused entrance of high amount of oily pollutants in to this sensitive area. Former studies in this area, report important pollution of the sediment to petroleum hydrocarbons in central and south eastern coast of the sea in vicinity of Azerbaijan and Iran shore. Considering different origins of hydrocarbons (biogenic and petrogenic) in the marine sediment, distinguishing the origin and the source of the observed hydrocarbons has been received more attentions by the environmental scientists. In the current paper through surface sediment sampling in the large area of Golestan and Mazandaran provinces shores, concentrations of resolved and unresolved parts of Aliphatic and Aromatic hydrocarbons are identified and also compared with former reported concentrations. Moreover in order to differentiate the origins of the hydrocarbons, based on the observed aliphatic parameters, needed indices have been developed. The developed indices show the biogenic and nonpetroleum origin of the hydrocarbon in the surface sediment of the study area, whereas the petrogenic origin of the hydrocarbons in the south eastern coast of the Caspian Sea, near the west area of Gilan province, has been previously reported. The biogenic origin of hydrocarbons in the coastal areas of Mazandaran and Golestan provinces then apparently remarks non-pollution of the area by the oil production activities of the Azerbaijan in the far west part of the study area.
Journal of Environmental Studies
دانشگاه تهران
1025-8620
36
v.
55
no.
2010
43
58
https://jes.ut.ac.ir/article_21808_d2ca3637f21f3d40374f0e8a8dff9fd5.pdf
A Survey of Industrial Solid Waste Management in Tehran Municipality`s 9th zone
Mohammad Ali
Abdoli
استاد دانشکدة محیط زیست دانشگاه تهران
author
Maryam
Heidari
دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد مهندسی عمران محیط زیست دانشگاه تهران
author
Abasali
Kargar
مسئول محیط زیست شهرداری منطقة 9 تهران
author
text
article
2010
per
In Tehran megacity with 7705036 populations, 7000 tons solid waste a day has been generated in 2008. According to the municipality`s division, Tehran is divided to 22 local zones. Quality and quantity are the basis of planning for hazardous waste management system. In this context, selection a combination of techniques, technology and management program is imperative to achieve purposes of waste managements, environmental protection and control of pollution that caused by hazardous waste. The method of this article has been on the basis of observation and completion of subjective questionnaires distributed among all small and great industrial units. For this purpose list of factory names and addresses was collected. Then a questionnaire was prepared and completed verbal in all units. As next stage hazardous solid waste was categorized due to Basel’s convection. Collected information shows that 4850,568 tons of solid waste per year is generated by 307 industrial units which are located in 9th zone. Meanwhile machineries and equipment factories generate 2282,346 tons of waste per year. Most of the industrial units in this region have a passive approach toward the remarks made by environmental agencies. Among all the industrial units located in this area only one unit is introduced as the green unit, and one industrial unit is acquired ISO 14000 license. It seems that with the aid of integrated solid waste management concept not only the amount of waste is increased but also the industrial development trend will be maintained.
Journal of Environmental Studies
دانشگاه تهران
1025-8620
36
v.
55
no.
2010
58
65
https://jes.ut.ac.ir/article_21809_0c106b58197796a933ca7c7018dbd645.pdf
Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Energy Consumption through Solid Waste Disposal Scenarios Using LCA, Case Study: Siri Island
Mehdi
Ghanbarzadeh Lak
دانشجوی دکتری عمران و محیطزیست دانشکدة عمران، دانشگاه صنعتی خواجه نصیرالدین طوسی،تهران
author
Mqhammad Reza
Sabour
استادیار گروه عمران و محیطزیست دانشکدة عمران، دانشگاه صنعتی خواجه نصیرالدین طوسی،تهران
author
text
article
2010
per
Municipal solid wastes (MSWs) vary in terms of quality and quantity, especially their toxic content. The efficient and sound disposal of MSWs not only needs implementing an integrated management procedure, but also performing a conservative way to reduce the impacts on resources. In the present research, after characterization of MSW streams and consideration of disposal methods practiced in Siri Island, Iran, the emissions of greenhouse gases (GHGs) and the energy consumption through three following scenarios are calculated using life cycle assessment (LCA) method: 1) incineration with energy recovery and landfilling of ashes, 2) landfilling and collecting landfill gases (LFGs) with energy recovery, and 3) landfilling without LFG collection. Results show that the incineration scenario is superior to landfilling without LFG collection. However, by LFG collection and energy recovery, the related GHG emissions and energy consumption for landfilling scenario will decrease remarkably. Due to physical limitations in the studied area and considering the compulsions related to international and regional environmental conventions, the incineration scenario is recommended as a sound disposal method at Siri Island. Applying source reduction strategies for this scenario will result in 4.25% reduction in GHG emissions per 1% diverted plastics from the waste stream.
Journal of Environmental Studies
دانشگاه تهران
1025-8620
36
v.
55
no.
2010
67
78
https://jes.ut.ac.ir/article_21810_0776cbe5b0e816865a8b4e8f1ec15432.pdf
Modelling of Indoor Air Quality for Tehran Museums by IMPACT
Majid
Shafiepour
استادیار دانشکدة محیط زیست، دانشگاه تهران
author
Khosro
Ashrafi
استادیار دانشکدة محیط زیست، دانشگاه تهران
author
Azadeh
Tavakoli
دانشجوی دکتری، دانشکدة محیط زیست، دانشگاه تهران
author
text
article
2010
per
In many peoples’ minds, air pollution is associated with the contamination of urban air from automobile exhausts and industrial emissions. Growing number of scientific evidence has indicated that in industrialized societies, air within buildings can be more seriously polluted than the outdoor air. In the last couple of decades, with the widespread availability of personal computers, mathematical modelling has also begun to be used to understand air pollution behaviour and effects on cultural heritages and personal collections kept in museums. This paper foresees an examining of the air quality in museums using mathematical modelling techniques for Indoor Air Quality, IAQ. Two case-studies are carried out in Pardisan Biodiversity Museum and Persian Carpet Museum in Tehran-Iran. The major driving pollutants such as NO, NO2 and SO2 in and outside of the museums have been measured, analysed and the results have been used for modelling purposes. This research focuses on examining a masterwork IAQ model namely IMPACT to compare its ability in estimating concentration of pollutants and the amount of error with real measured concentrations. The results confirm that there is good agreement between predictions made by IMPACT model with real concentrations. This agreement is in the range of 77% to 94%. This paper ends with some recommendations for improving museum’s IAQ management.
Journal of Environmental Studies
دانشگاه تهران
1025-8620
36
v.
55
no.
2010
79
90
https://jes.ut.ac.ir/article_21811_ded0c94e83afcae6ec415e1c15dfd1af.pdf
Removal of Chromium from Aqueous Solution Using Two Kinds of Polyaniline
Majid
Riahi Samani
دانشجوی دکتری مهندسی محیط زیست، دانشکدة محیط زیست و انرژی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد علوم و تحقیقات، تهران
author
Sayed Mehdi
Borghei
استاد دانشکدة مهندسی شیمی و نفت، دانشگاه صنعتی شریف، تهران
author
Ali
Olad
استادیار شیمی کاربردی، دانشکدة شیمی، دانشگاه تبریز
author
Mohammad Javad
Chaichi
استادیار شیمی تجزیه، دانشکدة علوم پایه، دانشگاه مازندران، بابلسر
author
text
article
2010
per
Absorptive characteristics of polyaniline synthesized with two different oxidants including potassium iodate and ammonium persulfate was studied. Synthesized polyanilines in powder shape is used as an adsorbent to remove toxic hexavalent chromium from aqueous solutions. Experiments were conducted in batch mode with different variables such as agitation time, solution pH and initial concentration of hexavalent chromium. Removal mechanism involving polyaniline is the combination of surface adsorption and reduction reaction. Synthesized polyaniline with potassium iodate had the good performance for total chromium removal, while synthesized polyaniline with ammonium persulfate had the good performance for hexavalent chromium removal. The equilibrium times for total and hexavalent chromium removal were occurred at 30 and 5 minutes respectively for polyanilines. The optimum pH for total chromium removal occurred at pH 3, 11 for synthesized polyaniline with potassium iodate and ammonium persulfate respectively. The maximum hexavalent chromium removal took place under acidic condition at pH 1 for polyanilines. Investigating the isothermal characteristics showed that the equilibrium adsorption data for polyanilines fitted both Freundlich’s and Langmuir’s isotherms.
Journal of Environmental Studies
دانشگاه تهران
1025-8620
36
v.
55
no.
2010
91
98
https://jes.ut.ac.ir/article_21812_66d8e1c41aec80b864ecd7e277e3b0a2.pdf
Determination of Maximum Flood Flow by use of Sampling (observe) Creager and SCS Method (Case study: Gharasoo river, Kermanshah, Iran)
Alireza
Karkouti
دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد مهندسی عمران – محیط زیست، دانشکده محیط زیست دانشگاه تهران
author
Mehrdad
Nazariha
استادیار گروه مدیریت سوانح طبیعی دانشکده محیط زیست دانشگاه تهران
author
Akbar
Baghvand
استادیار گروه مهندسی محیط زیست دانشکده محیط زیست دانشگاه تهران
author
Babak
Jafari Salim
دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد مهندسی عمران – محیط زیست، دانشکده محیط زیست دانشگاه تهران
author
Abdolreza
Karbasi
استادیار گروه مهندسی محیط زیست، دانشکده محیط زیست دانشگاه تهران
author
Ali
Vosough
دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد مهندسی عمران – محیط زیست، دانشکده محیط زیست دانشگاه تهران
author
text
article
2010
per
Computing or determining the amount of maximum flood debit in watershed is one of the main important parts of hydrological research in river improvement. In this regard it is necessary to be distinguished peak of flood flow and its hydrograph for favorable return period. This needs to have long time statistic and leminograph tools in study research area. In this study with the comparison of available statistic in hydrometric station and by use of observation, Creager and SCS method, to be tried to estimate the amount of design flood in Gharasoo river basin in Kermanshah province. Having regard between hydrology and geomorphology make it possible in some basin that have the same geomorphologic condition with making the correlation between 2 watershed ; estimating the hydrological statistic in the basin that have lack of (incomplete ) statistics. Here by is provided made natural and synthetic hydrographs by use of data morphologic; hydrometric and hyetometer of watershed and analyze of hydrologic; and method of making the synthetic unit hydrograph; compared with natural unit hydrograph (observing method). With regarding to the high accuracy of SCS method which use of different continent; geometric and physiographic parameters; the results of this method offer for design flood. For determining design flood by SCS method is used HEC-HMS software which used the March 1997's data for calibrating the software. The results indicate maximum flood flow amount of 1520 m3/s in Pole Kohneh station. Also the Creager method was used for determining of maximum flood debit in the watershed which have incompleted statistics .maximum results obtained from this method for Do Ab Qazanchy station,is 1530 m3/s .
Journal of Environmental Studies
دانشگاه تهران
1025-8620
36
v.
55
no.
2010
99
110
https://jes.ut.ac.ir/article_21813_b2f700b3fdde24b30c725f0bb68ce5bb.pdf
Comparison of Coagulants Performance with Enhanced Coagulation in Turbidity and Organic Matter Removal in Karaj River
Amir Hesam
Hassani
استادیار دانشکدة محیط زیست و انرژی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد علوم و تحقیقات تهران
author
Ali
Torabian
دانشیار مهندسی عمران محیط زیست دانشکدة محیط زیست دانشگاه تهران
author
Mohammad
Abdollahzadeh
کارشناسی ارشد مهندسی محیط زیست گرایش آب و فاضلاب، امور نگهداری و بهرهبرداری از تصفیهخانههای آب تهران
author
text
article
2010
per
Enhanced Coagulation (EC) is defined as the addition of excess coagulation to improve the removal of disinfection by-product (DBPs) precursors through the use of conventional water treatment processes. In this research, most of coagulants of Ferric Chloride (FeCl3), Poly aluminum Chloride(PACl) in removal of most parameters of Total Organic Carbon (TOC), Dissolved Organic Carbon (DOC), organic adsorption in wavelength of 254 nm (UV-254), alkalinity, aluminum and ferric remain, Total Trihalomethans (TTHMS), studied and compared in karaj River in Tehran for water Treatment plant No.2 efficient pH for removal of Natural Organic Matter(NOM) at Enhanced Coagulation condition for Ferric Chloride and Poly Aluminum Chloride are 6 and 6.5, respectively. This results show that Poly aluminum Chloride application instead of FeCl3 as an Enhanced Coagulation in annual average turbidity (6NTU), High Turbidity, TOC, DOC and TOC removal, decrease of pH and lower alkalinity. The lower coagulant consumption, the high floc size, the lower floc detention time, the lower sludge production, no need to pH adjustment in turbidity of 25 NTU and the lower alum consumption were the advantages of PACl application instead of FeCl3 as a coagulant. Also, PACl application was efficient in average turbidity (6 NTU) in TOC, turbidity, UV-254 and DOC removal.
Journal of Environmental Studies
دانشگاه تهران
1025-8620
36
v.
55
no.
2010
111
118
https://jes.ut.ac.ir/article_21814_4d38650f63296f9644f7233ae43f8676.pdf
Assessment of Function of Bivalve (Anodonta cygnea) in Filtration of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Compounds
Lalic
Sarikhani
کارشناس ارشد شیلات، مرکز تحقیقات شیلات استان گلستان
author
Arash
Javanshir
استادیار دانشکدة منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران
author
text
article
2010
per
In this study the filtration rate of nitrogen and phosphorus components by Swan mussel Anodonta cygnea in a closed system was investigated. The system was built of a 100 liters main tank and 4 recipients of 2.5 liters each (One of these as control) and one tank for returning of water. Three treatments of different concentrations of nitrogen (80, 100 and 200 mg/l) and of phosphorus (20, 40 and 60mg/l) separately were examined. In all treatments, sampling was repeated 3 times. Results showed that in tree treatments during over the time, the filtration rates were reduced. Also an increase in Nitrogen concentration caused filtration rates to be increased. Filtration rates in the first treatment increased from 6.53 to 7.15 and then to 8.07 ml.min-1 .gr -1 AFDW from the first to the third treatment respectively. The filtration rates in phosphorus treatment has also increased when the concentration increased. This has been changed from 5.61 to 6.5 and 7.58 ml. min-1 gr -1 AFDW from first to third treatment. Comparing results of filtration in two media containing nitrogen and phosphorus separately suggest that the performance of Anodonta cygnea in the absorption of nitrogen component may be higher than phosphorus ones.
Journal of Environmental Studies
دانشگاه تهران
1025-8620
36
v.
55
no.
2010
119
126
https://jes.ut.ac.ir/article_21815_b117f136a8fbb555d364953872ec6b79.pdf